Management of GI

Question 1

laparotomy

Answer 1

open surgery of the abdomen to explore and/or repair issues

many different types of incisions, midline is the standard cut

Question 2

when is a laparotomy used

Answer 2

for situations involving multiple dense adhesions, grossly distended intestines, massive ascites, severe bleeding, blunt and penetrating trauma

Question 3

laparoscopic

Answer 3

short, narrow tubes inserted into abdomen through small incisions
surgical tools inserted through trochars to perform surgery
high resolution cameras provide visual of area of interest

less invasive, fast recovery

Question 4

appendectomy

Answer 4

removal of appendix

Question 5

cholecystectomy

Answer 5

removal of gallbladder

Question 6

colectomy

Answer 6

resection of portion of colon

usually involves a colostomy or iliostomy

Question 7

gastrectomy

Answer 7

removal of part or whole stomach

Question 8

splenectomy

Answer 8

removal of spleen

Question 9

colostomy

Answer 9

procedure that reroutes stool from disease colon to external bag

Question 10

what are some pt positioning for comfort

Answer 10

• side lying to decrease tension on surgical site
• flex knees while HOB lowered to decrease tension
• supine aggravated dysphagia and GERD
• splinting during mobility/coughing

Question 11

what should you avoid post GI surgeries

Answer 11

valsalva effects

Question 12

abdominal precautions

Answer 12

no lifting >10#
no bending more than 90 at hips
no valsalva
use of velcro fastened elasticized soft abdominal binder