social influence terms Flashcards
Schema Theory
-
A social schema is a simplified way of thinking about
our social world, including groups of people. It’s much easier to think of groups of people with similar
characteristics than it is to think of unique individuals
all with their own characteristics, qualities and traits.
Therefore, by lumping people together in groups we
can simplify our processing of information regarding
other people, which saves our cognitive energy.
Schema Processing
the processing of information in a way that connects the information to existing schemas
Confirmation Bias
A cognitive bias (a bias in thinking) whereby we tend to focus on and remember information that is consistent with our existing thoughts, opinions or beliefs.
Stereotype
A stereotype is a generalization of a group of people – they make it easier for us to think about groups of people
Leading Question
a question that prompts or encourages the answer wanted
Diffusion of Responsibility
When people don’t feel as obligated to take responsibility because other people are around.
Bystanderism
Diffusion of responsibility meaning when people don’t feel as obligated to take responsibility because other people are around.
Empathy altruism hypothesis.
This theory predicts that when people can experience empathy for someone else, they are more likely to act altruistically towards that person to help them. Acting altruistically mean to do something without expecting any positive return.
Compliance
The process of making people aware of social norms so that individuals sees that others are in agreement on the correct way to act.
Schema activated
processing new information as it related to the existing schema and it’s easier to remember because we’ve focused more on the schema consistent information
Misinformation Effect
The phenomenon of having erroneous external information distort memories is known as the misinformation effect
Schema activated
processing new information as it related to the existing schema and it’s easier to remember because we’ve focused more on the schema consistent information
Confabulation (False memories)
A phenomenon whereby a person recollects something, or a detail of something, that never actually occurred.
Normative Social Influence
This means that we alter our behaviour to fit in with the group because we have a natural desire to be liked and accepted.
Prosocial Behavior
a broad term that describes any action that has been done for the benefit of another individual or group. It refers to acting in a way that benefits other people.
