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geography > Unit 1B - the living world (2. tropical rainforests ) > Flashcards

Unit 1B - the living world (2. tropical rainforests ) Flashcards

1
Q

how tall do the trees grow

A

45 m high

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2
Q

how many species are there in a single hectare of a TRF

A

100 species

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3
Q

where are TRFs found

A

broad belt through the tropics in central and south America, south east Asia, central africa, northern Australia

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4
Q

what is the average rain fall for TRFs per year

A

2000mm a year

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5
Q

what temperatures do TRFs thrive in

A

27 degrees

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6
Q

why is the temperature in Brazil rainforest high

A

high and constant through out the year, because powerful sun is overhead

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7
Q

why is the rainfall in Brazil rainforest high

A

global atmospheric circulation causes areas of low pressure to form at the equator. rising air creates clouds and triggers heavy rainfall

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8
Q

what is the soil like

A

infertile, most nutrients is found on the surface where leaves decompose.

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9
Q

what plants and animals are there

A

over half of all plant and animal species live on just 7 percent of the earths land

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10
Q

what is biodiversity

A

providing habitats for an enormous range of species

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11
Q

how do plant adapt to rainforest (physical conditions)

A

most plants are found in the canopy where there is most light. biotic factors like a close relationship with abiotic factors.

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12
Q

state some facts about malaysia

A

country in south-east Asia
natural vegetation is the TRF
67% of Malaysia is rainforest

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13
Q

what is deforestation

A

cutting down of trees often on a very large scale. timber is a highly valued export, lan can be used to make profit.

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14
Q

rate of deforestation in Malaysia

A

2000 and 2013, total forest lost was an area larger than denmark

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15
Q

what are threats to Malaysia’s rainforests

A 
logging
mineral extraction
settlement and population growth
subsistence farming 
commercial farming
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16
Q

what is logging

A

the activity or business of felling trees and cutting and preparing the timber.

17
Q

what is mineral extraction

A

The removal of solid mineral resources from the earth

18
Q

how can rainforests be managed sustainably

A

ensure rainforests remain lasting for future generations

allow valuable rainforest resources to be used without causing long term damage to the environment

19
Q

most damaging form of deforestation

A

clear felling.

20
Q

more sustainable approach than clear felling

A

selective logging and replanting

21
Q

what is conservation and eduction

A

rainforests are preserved in conservation areas such as national parks, used for education and research

22
Q

what is ecotourism

A

aims to introduce people to the natural world to benefit local communities. the income generated keeps the rainforests safe. sustainable option than cutting down trees for short-term profit.

23
Q

what are international agreements

A

the importance of rainforests is being recognised more. international agreements are being made to protect the rainforests. e.g. hardwood forestry, FSC international organisation that promotes sustainable forestry, try to educate, aims to reduce the value of rare and valuable hardwood

24
Q

what is debt reduction

A

some countries borrow money to fund developments. some donor countries and organisations have reduced debts for an agreement that rainforests will not be defroested.

25
Q

what are the impacts of deforestation in malaysia

A

soil erosion
loss of biodiversity
contribution to climate change
economic development

26
Q

what is soil erosion

A

soil takes thousands of years to form and can be stripped away in hours. removal of soil by wind rain is called soil erosion. deforestation means the soil can easily become loose and erode.

27
Q

what is loss of biodiversity

A

deforestation destroys many habitats. reduces biodiversity

28
Q

what are the economic gains of defroestation

A

more jobs

improved transport and infrastructure

29
Q

rates of deforestation

A

every 2 seconds one hectare is being destroyed

30
Q

why should tropical rainforests be protected

A 
biodiversity
climate change
climate
medicine
resources
water 
people

geography (18 decks)

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