Cellular Respiration

Question 1

What happens in oxidation?

Answer 1

• Gain of oxygen
• Loss of hydrogen
• Loss of electrons

Question 2

What happens in reduction?

Answer 2

• Loss of oxygen
• Gain of hydrogen
• Gain of electrons

Question 3

What happens in the conversion from pyruvate to acetyl CoA?

Answer 3

Decarboxylation and oxidation

Question 4

Where does the NADH and FADH produced from the krebs cycle go to?

Answer 4

The electron transport chain

Question 5

How many ATP molecules are made from one glucose molecule?

Answer 5

38 ATP molecules

This is because one molecule of glucose yields 2 molecules of pyruvate, so everything is doubled.

Question 6

What are the two electron carriers?

Answer 6

NADH and FADH

Question 7

How many decarboxilation reactions occur in total?

Answer 7

6 decarboxylations

1in the link reaction and 2 in the krebs cycle, this is multiplied by 2 since 1 glucose molecule yields for 2 pyruvates.

Question 8

Give a brief summary of how electrons are given to the electron transport chain.

Answer 8

After NAD and FAD are reduced, they carry hydrogen ions and electrons to the cristae of the mitochondria and give them to the electron transport chain.

Question 9

What is chemiosmosis?

Answer 9

The movement of ions across a membrane.

Question 10

Explain what happens in the electron transport chain.

Answer 10

• Hydrogen ions are being pumped from the matrix to the intermembrane space using the energy from the electrons as they move through the electron transport chain.
• This results in a high concentration of hydrogen ions in the intermembrane space.
• The hydrogen ions then move through a channel in ATP synthase going back to the matrix.
• This results in the phosphorylation of ADP, producing ATP.

Question 11

What is the total ATP produced in cellular respiration?

Answer 11

• 38 ATP Produced
• 36 Net gan in ATP

Question 12

How is the cristae adapted to its function?

Answer 12

It forms a large surface area for the electron transport chain and ATP synthase.

Question 13

How is the intermembrane space adapted to its function?

Answer 13

Allows fast accumulation of protons needed for chemiosmosis.

Question 14

How is Fluid matrix containing enzymes adapted to its function?

Answer 14

Enables the link reaction and the Krebs cycle to proceed at an appropriate rate.

Question 15

How are 70S ribosomes adapted to its function?

Answer 15

Synthesises some of the proteins and enzymes needed within the mitochondrion.

Question 16

How is the outer mitochondrial membrane adapted to its function?

Answer 16

Isolates the content of the mitochondria from the cytoplasm

Question 17

How is the protein coated circular DNA adapted to its function?

Answer 17

Codes for some of the mitochondrial proteins.