Unit 3

Question 1

What areas of government are covered in Article 1?

Answer 1

Established by Article I of the Constitution, the Legislative Branch consists of the House of Representatives and the Senate, which together form the United States Congress.

Question 2

What areas of government are covered in Article 2?

Answer 2

Article Two of the United States Constitution establishes the executive branch of the federal government, which carries out and enforces federal laws.

Question 3

What areas of government are covered in Article 3?

Answer 3

Article Three empowers the courts to handle cases or controversies arising under federal law, as well as other enumerated areas. Article Three also defines treason. Section 1 of Article Three vests the judicial power of the United States in the Supreme Court, as well as inferior courts established by Congress.

Question 4

What goals are stated in the Preamble?

Answer 4

To form a more perfect Union meant creating a better government than the British colonial rule. Establish Justice. Ensure domestic Tranquility. Provide for the common defense. Promote the general Welfare.Secure the Blessings of Liberty to ourselves and our Posterity.

Question 5

What are Enumerated powers?

Answer 5

Enumerated powers are specifically granted to the federal government. This includes the power to coin money, to regulate commerce, to declare war, to raise and maintain armed forces, and to establish a Post Office.

Question 6

What are Reserved powers?

Answer 6

Reserved powers are powers given to the state including running elections, creating marriage laws, and regulating schools.

Question 7

What are concurrent powers?

Answer 7

Concurrent powers refers to powers which are shared by both the federal government and state governments. This includes the power to tax, build roads, and create lower courts.

Question 8

What amendment is most connected with equal protection under the law?

Answer 8

The Fourteenth Amendment addresses many aspects of citizenship and the rights of citizens. The most commonly used phrase in the amendment is “equal protection of the laws”, which figures prominently in a wide variety of landmark cases.

Question 9

How are amendments important to citizens today?

Answer 9

amendments guarantee essential rights and civil liberties, such as the right to free speech and the right to bear arms, as well as reserving rights to the people and the states.

Question 10

What ideas make up the structure and framework of the Constitution?

Answer 10

First is the Preamble, an introduction that states the goals and purposes of the government. Next are seven articles that describe the structure of the government. Third are 27 amendments, or additions and changes, to the Constitution.

Question 11

Why is the fourth amendment important to the rights of citizens?

Answer 11

the Fourth Amendment, the people have a right “to be secure in their persons, houses, papers and effects, against unreasonable searches and seizures.” This right limits the power of the police to seize and search people, their property, and their homes.

Question 12

What is the importance of the sixteenth amendment?

Answer 12

The Sixteenth Amendment played a central role in building up the powerful American federal government of the twentieth century by making it possible to enact a modern, nationwide income tax. Before long, the income tax would become by far the federal government’s largest source of revenue.

Question 13

What is the importance of the seventeenth amendment?

Answer 13

The Seventeenth Amendment changed the way senators were selected. Before the 17th amendment senators were selected by state legislatures, that allowed party bosses too much influence. The 17th amendment allowed voters of each state to directly elect their senators.

Question 14

What process is used to amend the Constitution?

Answer 14

The Constitution provides that an amendment may be proposed either by the Congress with a two-thirds majority vote in both the House of Representatives and the Senate or by a constitutional convention called for by two-thirds of the State legislatures.

Question 15

What process is used to amend the Constitution?

Answer 15

The Constitution provides that an amendment may be proposed either by the Congress with a two-thirds majority vote in both the House of Representatives and the Senate or by a constitutional convention called for by two-thirds of the State legislatures.

Question 16

Why is the 14th amendment important to citizens?

Answer 16

The Fourteenth Amendment granted citizenship to all persons “born or naturalized in the United States,” including formerly enslaved people, and provided all citizens with “equal protection under the laws,” extending the provisions of the Bill of Rights to the states.

Question 17

Article 1

Answer 17

Article I describes the design of the legislative branch of the US Government — the Congress. Important ideas include the separation of powers between branches of government (checks and balances), the election of Senators and Representatives, the process by which laws are made, and the powers that Congress has.

Question 18

Article Two

Answer 18

Article Two vests the power of the executive branch in the office of the president of the United States, lays out the procedures for electing and removing the president, and establishes the president’s powers and responsibilities, it also gives the president the power to grant pardons.

Question 19

Article 3

Answer 19

Under Article Three, the judicial branch consists of the Supreme Court of the United States, as well as lower courts created by Congress. It guarantees that every person accused of wrongdoing has the right to a fair trial before a competent judge and a jury of one’s peers. Article Three also defines treason. Article III of the Constitution established a Supreme Court, but left to Congress the authority to create lower federal courts as needed.

Question 20

Article 4

Answer 20

Article Four of the United States Constitution outlines the relationship between the various states, as well as the relationship between each state and the United States federal government. It also empowers Congress to admit new states and administer the territories and other federal lands.

Question 21

Article 5

Answer 21

Article V Amending the Constitution.The convention can propose amendments, whether Congress approves of them or not. Those proposed amendments would then be sent to the states for ratification. Knowing that the country would change over time, the framers wanted the Constitution to change with the country’s times and needs. To enable these changes, they wrote an amendment process into the Constitution

Question 22

Article 6- supremecy 6

Answer 22

Article 6 referred to as the “supremacy clause,” this article declares that the Constitution and the laws and treaties of the federal government are the highest in the land. While state courts rule on state laws, the federal courts can step in and order changes if the state laws go against federal law.

Question 23

Article 7

Answer 23

The text of Article VII declares that the Constitution shall become the official law of the ratifying states (state indicates its consent to be bound to a treaty if the parties intended to show their consent) when nine states ratified the document. States could choose their own military leaders.

Question 24

What is the importance of the Establishment Clause?

Answer 24

The First Amendment’s Establishment Clause prohibits the government from making any law “respecting an establishment of religion.” This clause not only forbids the government from establishing an official religion, but also prohibits government actions that unduly favor one religion over another.

Question 25

What area of the Constitution discusses private property of citizens being taken for public use? TAKINGS CLAUSE

Answer 25

​​The Fifth Amendment of the United States Constitution includes a provision known as the Takings Clause, which states that “private property [shall not] be taken for public use, without just compensation.”

Question 26

How are the Establishment Clause and the Free Exercise Clause connected?

Answer 26

The Establishment clause prohibits the government from “establishing” a religion. The Free Exercise Clause protects citizens’ right to practice their religion as they please, so long as the practice does not run afoul of a “public morals” or a “compelling” governmental interest.

Question 27

How can our first amendment rights be limited?

Answer 27

Freedom of speech is a constitutional guarantee. But that doesn’t mean it is absolute or not subject to some limitations. A few narrow categories of speech are not protected from government restrictions. The main such categories are incitement, defamation, fraud, obscenity, child pornography, fighting words, and threats.

Question 28

Examples of Checks and Balances

Answer 28

Congress has the power to make laws, but the courts can declare those laws to be unconstitutional. The President has the power to veto laws, but Congress can override a President’s veto

Question 29

What groups are involved in the process of amending the Constitution?

Answer 29

The Constitution provides that an amendment may be proposed either by the Congress with a two-thirds majority vote in both the House of Representatives and the Senate or by a constitutional convention called for by two-thirds of the State legislatures.

Question 30

How does the Supremacy Clause impact the relationship between state and federal government?

Answer 30

When a state law conflicts with a federal law, the supremacy clause operates to invalidate the state law in favor of the federal one as long as the federal law is found to be in pursuance of the Constitution. The supremacy clause also means that states can’t regulate, interfere with, or control federal issues.

Question 31

What powers are given to Congress in the Constitution?

Answer 31

The Constitution grants Congress the sole authority to enact legislation and declare war.The Congress shall have Power To lay and collect Taxes, Duties, Imposts and Excises, to pay the Debts and provide for the common Defense and general Welfare of the United States; but all Duties, Imposts and Excises shall be uniform throughout the United States

Question 32

What is the Full Faith and Credit Clause?

Answer 32

The Full Faith and Credit Clause ensures that, no matter the differences among state laws, those laws are still respected in other states.

Question 33

How does the fifth amendment impact our rights as citizens? Define the amendment.

Answer 33

The Fifth Amendment creates a number of rights relevant to both criminal and civil legal proceedings. The Fifth Amendment contains some of the most critical protections in the Constitution for those accused of crimes, safeguards that help keep a tyrannical government at bay. In total, it declares five separate but related rights to all citizens. This includes double jeopardy.

Question 34

What level of judicial courts is established in Article 3?

Answer 34

Article III, Section 1: The judicial Power of the United States, shall be vested in one supreme Court, and in such inferior Courts as the Congress may from time to time ordain and establish.

Question 35

What argument was used to support a federal government by the Federalists?

Answer 35

Federalists argued for counterbalancing branches of government. In light of charges that the Constitution created a strong national government, they were able to argue that the separation of powers among the three branches of government protected the rights of the people.

Question 36

What power from Article I, Section 8 of the Constitution centers around the idea of a national currency?

Answer 36

Article I, Section 8, specifies the powers of Congress in great detail. The power to appropriate federal funds is known as the “power of the purse.” It gives Congress great authority over the executive branch, which must appeal to Congress for all of its funding. The federal government borrows money by issuing bonds.