1.1.1 Flashcards
(20 cards)
What does the ALU do
Completes all the arithmetical and logical operations
What is the control unit
A part of the processor which directs operations inside the CPU
What are registers
Small memory cells that operate at high speeds
What does the memory address register do
Holds the address of a location that is to be read from or written to
What does the Memory Data Register do
Temporarily stores the data that has just been read from or the data that needs to be written
What does the current instruction register do
Holds the current instruction divided up into opcode and operand
What is the system bus
The collection of the data bus, address bus and control bus is called the system bus
What is assembly language
A programming language where mnemonics are used to represent instructions
What is opcode
Used to determine the type of instruction and what hardware to use to execute it
What is operand
The operand is the address of where the operation is performed
What occurs during the fetch phase
- The address from the PC is copied into MAR
- Address copied onto address bus
- Data copied onto the data bus
- PC is increased by 1
- Data from the data bus copied into the MDR
- MDR copied to the CIR
What occurs during the decode phase
The contents of the CIR is split into operand and opcode
What occurs during the execute phase
The opcode is executed on the data
What is clock speed
The number of clock cycles completed per second
What is cache memory
Cache memory is the CPUs onboard memory which can be accessed a lot faster than main memory
What is pipelining
The process of completing the fetch decode and execute of three separate instructions simultaneously
What is Von Neumann architecture
Architecture in which there is a single shared memory and shared data bus for both data and instructions
What is Harvard architecture
Architecture in which there is two separate memory and data buses for data and instructions
What is contemporary processing
Processing in which von Neumann architecture is used for main memory. Cache uses Harvard architecture, divided into instruction cache and data cache
Features of Von Neumann architecture
- Single control unit
- Uses the fetch, decode, execute cycle
- Program and data stored together
- Instructions executed in a linear sequence
