Pathogens & Host intro Flashcards

1
Q

What are the possible signs and symptoms for clinical infection?

A

Inflammation

Pain

Pyrexia

Tachycardia

Rigors

Increased white blood cell count

Increased C reactive protein count

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is a commensal?

A

An organism that is part of the normal flora

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What does the capacity of a microorganism to cause infection depend on?

A

Infectivity

Virulence (harmful effects once established)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What factors affect infectivity?

A

Attachment

Acid resistance

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What factors affect virulence?

A

Invasiveness

Toxin production

Evasion of immune system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Define cellulitits

A

Inflammation of subcutaneous connective tissue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Define necrotising fasciitis

A

Disease - fasciae of muscles and other organs becomes inflamed and results in the destruction of the overlying tissue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What enzymes can result in connective tissue breakdown?

A

Hyaluronidase

Collagenase

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Define fibrinolysis

A

The enzymatic breakdown of fibrin in blood clots

Streptokinase

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What are exotoxins

A

Released extracellularly by the micro-organism (tetanus)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What are enterotoxins?

A

Exotoxins which act on the GI tract

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is endotoxin

A

Part of the gram negative cell wall

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Which organism produces tetasnospasmin the causative agent of tetanus?

A

Clostridium tetani

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

How does tetasnospasmin work?

A

Binds to nerve synapses and prevents the release of inhibitory neurotransmitters

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Give an example of a bacteria that produces an enterotoxin

A

Vibrio Cholera

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is the result of superantigens on T cells?

A

Causes T cell division, overwhelming cytokine production - toxic shock

17
Q

What is the nasty bit of the lipopolysaccharide - endotoxins?

A

Lipid A