Motion

Question 1

Laminar vs Turbulent

Answer 1

Laminar- one direction one speed

Turbulent- many directions many speeds

Question 2

Laminar–> Turbulent

Answer 2

Can happen at any boundary of different densities, air vs water, two layers of waters.

caused by frictions.

Question 3

Reynolds Number

Answer 3

standard measure in fluid mechanics of the ratio of inertial
and viscous forces in a flow. Re = inertial forces/viscous forces =
turbulent flow/laminar flow

Flow is laminar when Re is low

small organisms have small Re

Question 4

Turbulent water (eddies) (Kz)

Answer 4

Is a measure of the rate of exchange or intensity of
mixing across a plane.

without motion, Eddies exchange heat and gas diffusions

happens more in the epilimnion

Question 5

WIND

Answer 5

Epilimnion mixed by surface wind waves, currents, gyres,

Question 6

Motion in the epilimnion/ Ekman spiral

Answer 6

Coriolis Effect, surface 45 degrees right of wind direction in northern hemisphere

Motivated by wind

Question 7

Surface waves

Answer 7

wind pushes water and creates a spiral of force

the wave of force moves in a circle , Water only moves up and down

Surface waves become smaller as they go down

Question 8

Langmuir Circulation

Answer 8

Upwelling (divergence zone)- brings up sediments

downwelling (convergence zone)

Question 9

Surface Seiches

Answer 9

Massive waves that shove the entire lake around

caused by strong consistent winds

Question 10

Motion in the metalimnion - stratified conditions

Answer 10

Internal gravity waves- Nodes are where the thermocline tilt or bend.

Kelvin-Helmholtz mixing -funny waves of metalimnion that leave a pace of it in the epilimnion