Lab 5

Question 1

Label the descriptions as prokaryotic (P) and eukaryotic (E).

Answer 1

Pro

• •No nucleus.
• •No unit membrane bound organelles.
• •Smaller.
• •Circular DNA
• Bacteria and Archaea

Euk

• •Nucleus.
• •Unit membrane bound organelles.
• •Larger.
• •Double stranded helix DNA.
• •Protists, Animals, Plants, Fungi.
• •YOU are eukaryotic.

Question 2

There are more bacterial cells living on your body than there are total number of cells that make up

Answer 2

the whole body

Question 3

Give three examples of bacteria being helpful

Answer 3

• Environmental applications include cleaning up oil spills, breaking down toxic wastes and herbicides, and in the production of biodegradable plastics.
• Recently the species Thiobacillus ferrooxidans has been used in gold and copper mining and initiated a new industry known as biomining.
• In medicine, some are used as antibiotics.

Question 4

What is the basis of antibiotic resistance in pathogenic bacteria as well as the evolution of prokaryotes

Answer 4

Recombination (horizontal gene transfer)

Question 5

Why was the Kingdom Monera split into two distinct domains (Bacteria and Archaea)?

Answer 5

•based on RNA sequencing technology.

Question 6

What are the archaebacteria called in the Prismatic Springs at Yellowstone?

Answer 6

( C) Thermophilies

Question 7

Describe one other extremophile.

Answer 7

• Hyperthermophiles ~ exceedingly hot temperatures (ocean vents;+200 degrees Fahrenheit)
• Psychrophiles ~ extremely cold conditions
• Acidophiles ~ acidic conditions
• Alkaliphiles ~ alkaline conditions

Question 8

What group are these bacteria in?

Answer 8

(B ) Cyanbacteria

Question 9

What is important about this group of bacteria in question 9?

Answer 9

likely the ancestors of chloroplasts

Question 10

Which group of bacteria includes E. coli, nitrogen-fixing bacteria, black plague, and lyme disease?

Answer 10

(A) Proteobacteria

Question 11

What is important about this group of bacteria in question 10?

Answer 11

likely the ancestors of mitochondria

Question 12

What group of bacteria can be found in soil, used to make antibiotics, and also include Staphylococcus sp., Streptococcus sp., tetanus, botulism and gangrene?

Answer 12

c. Gram positive bacteria

Question 13

What are the three main bacterial shapes? (MUST INCLUDE LATIN)

Answer 13

• Cocci: spherical
• Spirilli: spiral
• Bacilli: rod

Question 14

What is a protist?

Answer 14

(B) A eukaryotic organism that is not a plant, animal, or fungus

Question 15

What phylum and common name does this protist belong to?

Answer 15

b. Rhodophyta (Red algae)

Question 16

What phylum and common name do these protists belong to?

Answer 16

(A) Chlorophyta (Green algae)

Question 17

What is important about this phylum of protists in question 16

Answer 17

•Ancestor of modern plants.

Question 18

What phylum does this protist belong to?

Answer 18

(B) Euglenophyta

Question 19

What phylum and common name does this protist belong to?

Answer 19

(C) Bacillariophyta (diatoms)

Question 20

What is very important about the protists in question 16?

Answer 20

•Responsible for 40% of the ocean’s photosynthesis.

Question 21

What phylum does this protist belong to?

Answer 21

(D) Myxomycota

Question 22

What phylum does this protist belong to?

Answer 22

(A) Oomycota

Question 23

What phylum does this protist belong to?

Answer 23

(B). Sarcodina

Question 24

What phylum does this protist belong to?

Answer 24

(C) Foramnifera

Question 25

What phylum does this protist belong to?

Answer 25

(D) Ciliophora

Question 26

What phylum does this protist belong to?

Answer 26

(A) Apicomplexa

Question 27

What is important about this protist in question 23?

Answer 27

•Plasmodium spp. causes malaria

Question 28

What phylum does this protist belong to?

Answer 28

(B) Pyrrophyta

Question 29

. What phylum does this protist belong to?

Answer 29

(D) . Zoomastigophora