Physiological Adaptation To Pregnancy

Question 1

what is body compostion ?

Answer 1

the uterus size compared to the body

Question 2

gestitional age is counted from ……

Answer 2

the first day of LMP

Question 3

how does the uterus weigh before and after pregnancy?

Answer 3

before : 70g , after : 1,100 g

Question 4

how much fluid can the uterus accomdate during pregnancy ?

Answer 4

5 L

Question 5

what is hyperplasia ?

Answer 5

increase in number

Question 6

what is hyperatrophy?

Answer 6

increase in size

Question 7

what are braxton hicks?

Answer 7

non-painful contractions , may start at the 1st trimester but most women feel them during the 2nd trimester

Question 8

what is the fundal height at 16 weeks ?

Answer 8

between the umbilicus and the symphysis pubis

Question 9

what is the fundal height at 20 weeks ?

Answer 9

at the umbilicus

Question 10

what is the fundal height at 36 weeks?

Answer 10

at the xiphoid process

Question 11

what is the fundal height at 40 weeks?

Answer 11

lightning, it sinks down

Question 12

what is chadwick sign?

Answer 12

purple color at the cervix and vagina due to increases vascularity

Question 13

what is goodells sign?

Answer 13

softening of the cervix ?

Question 14

what is operculum?

Answer 14

the mucous plug that protects the cervix from infection

Question 15

why does vaginal discharge become acidic?

Answer 15

to protect from infection

Question 16

when does the copus luteum produce progestrone?

Answer 16

during 6-7 weeks of gestation only

Question 17

what is colostrum?

Answer 17

the first milk

Question 18

why does BP drop during pregnancy?

Answer 18

because progestrone relaxes the muscles causing a drop in the BP

Question 19

how much does HR increase during pregnancy?

Answer 19

10-15 bpm increase

Question 20

how much is the increase in cardiac output and why?

Answer 20

40-50% by the fifth week, to ciculate blood to the placenta

Question 21

how much is the increase in blood volume?

Answer 21

40-50%

Question 22

how much is the increase in RBCs?

Answer 22

30%

Question 23

what is dilution anemia ?

Answer 23

its caused by the differnce in the amount of the RBCs and blood volume , (RBCs increase but not as much as the volume)

Question 24

True Or Flase : hematocrit imcreases during pregnancy .

Answer 24

False

Question 25

what is supine hypotension?

Answer 25

pressure on the vena cava when the woman is supine , it may cause a drop in FHR

Question 26

what causes heartburn in pregnant women?

Answer 26

the esophageal sphincter relaxes because of progestrone

Question 27

what does an increase of glucos and protein in urine indicate

Answer 27

maybe accompanied by a decreased BP, sign of a possible complication

Question 28

what is normal range of birth weight?

Answer 28

2500-3700 g

Question 29

what is the ideal weight gain for a woman with average BMI?

Answer 29

11.5-16 kg

Question 30

what is dependet/physiological edema ?

Answer 30

edema due to hemodilution and decreased pressure

Question 31

what is choasma ?

Answer 31

mask of pregnancy , discoloration in the face or neck

Question 32

what is the purpose of relaxin?

Answer 32

stops uterine activity to keep the fetus in, but it also affects ligaments and joints causing backache

Question 33

what is the purpose of progestrone ?

Answer 33

prevents uterine comtractions, relaxes smooth muscles

Question 34

what are presumtive indications?

Answer 34

subjective changes that the woman may feel

Question 35

what are probable findings ?

Answer 35

objective observations

Question 36

what are positive indications?

Answer 36

confirmation ( visualization, fetal heart beat, fetal movement , ultrasound)