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My AZ-900 Flashcards > Describe Cloud Concepts > Flashcards

Describe Cloud Concepts Flashcards

1
Q

Define cloud computing.

A

It’s the delivery of computing services over the internet, which is otherwise known as the cloud. These services include servers, storage, databases, networking, software, analytics, and intelligence.

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2
Q

Name 3 Cloud computing advantages over traditional on premise

A

offers faster innovation, flexible resources, and economies of scale.

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3
Q

Why is cloud computing typically cheaper to use?

A

Cloud computing is the delivery of computing services over the internet by using a pay-as-you-go pricing model. You typically pay only for the cloud services you use, which helps you:

· Lower your operating costs.

· Run your infrastructure more efficiently.

· Scale as your business needs change.

To put it another way, cloud computing is a way to rent compute power and storage from someone else’s datacenter.

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4
Q

Why should I move to the cloud?

A

The cloud helps you move faster and innovate in ways that were once nearly impossible.

In our ever-changing digital world, two trends emerge:

· Teams deliver new features to their users at record speeds.

· Users expect an increasingly rich and immersive experience with their devices and with software.

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5
Q

cloud provides on-demand access to:

A
  • A nearly limitless pool of raw compute, storage, and networking components.
  • Speech recognition and other cognitive services that help make your application stand out from the crowd.
  • Analytics services that deliver telemetry data from your software and devices.
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6
Q

What are the 8 cloud benefits?

A
  1. High availability
  2. Scalability
  3. Global reach
  4. Agility
  5. Fault tolerance
  6. Elasticity
  7. Customer latency capabilities
  8. Predictive cost considerations
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7
Q

Describe the cloud consumption based model

A

Cloud service provider operate on a consumption-based model, which means that end users pay for the resources that they sued. Whatever they use is what they pay for. You should expect:

  • Better cost prediction
  • Prices for individual resources and services are provided
  • Billing is based on actual usage
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8
Q

What is the Azure portal?

A

The Azure portal is a web-based, unified console that provides an alternative to command-line tools. With the Azure portal, you can manage your Azure subscription by using a graphical user interface. You can:

· Build, manage, and monitor everything from simple web apps to complex cloud deployments.

· Create custom dashboards for an organized view of resources.

· Configure accessibility options for an optimal experience.

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9
Q

The _________ is designed for resiliency and continuous availability. It maintains a presence in every Azure datacenter. This configuration makes the ________ resilient to individual datacenter failures and avoids network slowdowns by being close to users. The _______ updates continuously and requires no downtime for maintenance activities.

A

Azure Portal

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10
Q

_____________ allows customers to find, try, purchase, and provision applications and services from hundreds of leading service providers which are certified to run on Azure.

A

Azure Marketplace

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11
Q

____________ helps connect users with Microsoft partner, independent software vendors, and startups that are offering their solutions and services which are optimized to run on Azure.

A

Azure Marketplace

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12
Q

Azure Virtual Machine Scale Sets is an example of?

A

An Azure compute service

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13
Q

Azure Kubernetes Service is an example of?

A

An Azure compute service

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14
Q

Azure Service Fabric is an example of?

A
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15
Q

Azure Batch is an example of?

A

An Azure compute service

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16
Q

Azure Container Instances is an example of?

A

An Azure compute service

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17
Q

Azure Functions is an example of?

A

An Azure compute service

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18
Q

___________ Connects VMs to incoming virtual private network (VPN) connections.

A

Azure Virtual Network

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19
Q

____________ Balances inbound and outbound connections to applications or service endpoints.

A

Azure Load Balancer

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20
Q

_________________ Optimizes app server farm delivery while increasing application security.

A

Azure Application Gateway

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21
Q

____________ allows access to Azure Virtual Networks through high-performance gates for virtual private networks.

A

Azure VPN Gateway

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22
Q

______________ Provides ultra-fast DNS responses and ultra-high domain availability.

A

Azure DNS

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23
Q

____________ Delivers high-bandwidth content to customers globally.

A

Azure Content Delivery Network

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24
Q

_____________ Protects Azure-hosted applications from distributed denial of service attacks.

A

Azure DDoS Protection

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25
Q

____________ Distributes network traffic across Azure regions worldwide.

A

Azure Traffic Manager

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26
Q

__________ Connects to Azure over high-bandwidth dedicated secure connections.

A

Azure ExpressRoute

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27
Q

_________________ Monitors and diagnoses network issues by using scenario-based analysis.

A

Azure Network Watcher

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28
Q

___________ Implements high-security, high-availability firewall with unlimited scalability.

A

Azure Firewall

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29
Q

_____________ Creates a unified wide area network (WAN) that connects local and remote sites.

A

Azure Virtual WAN

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30
Q

What are the 4 main types of storage available in Azure

A
  • Azure blob storage
  • Azure File storage
  • Azure Queue storage
  • Azure Table storage
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31
Q

___________ is Storage service for very large objects, such as video files or bitmaps.

A

Azure Blob storage

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32
Q

___________ provides File shares that can be accessed and managed like a file server.

A

Azure File storage

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33
Q

_____________ is A data store for queuing and reliably delivering messages between applications.

A

Azure Queue storage

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34
Q

___________ is a service that stores non-relational structured data (also known as structured NoSQL data) in the cloud, providing a key/attribute store with a schemaless design.

A

Azure Table storage

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35
Q

What are the 5 Common characteristics of Azure storage types

A
  • Durable and highly available with redundancy and replication.
  • Secure through automatic encryption and role-based access control.
  • Scalable with virtually unlimited storage.
  • Managed, handling maintenance and any critical problems for you.
  • Accessible from anywhere in the world over HTTP or HTTPS.
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36
Q

What are the 4 Azure mobile development features

A
  • Offline data synchronization.
  • Connectivity to on-premises data.
  • Broadcasting push notifications.
  • Autoscaling to match business needs.
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37
Q

___________ is a Globally distributed database that supports NoSQL options.

A

Azure Cosmos DB

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38
Q

_____________ is a Fully managed relational database with auto-scale, integral intelligence, and robust security.

A

Azure SQL Database

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39
Q

_______________ is a Fully managed and scalable MySQL relational database with high availability and security.

A

Azure Database for MySQL

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40
Q

_____________ is a Fully managed and scalable PostgreSQL relational database with high availability and security.

A

Azure Database for PostgreSQL

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41
Q

______________ is a Service that hosts enterprise SQL Server apps in the cloud.

A

SQL Server on Azure Virtual Machines

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42
Q

_____________ is a Fully managed data warehouse with integral security at every level of scale at no extra cost.

A

Azure Synapse Analytics

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43
Q

_____________ is a Service that migrates databases to the cloud with no application code changes.

A

Azure Database Migration Service

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44
Q

_____________ is a Fully managed service that caches frequently used and static data to reduce data and application latency.

A

Azure Cache for Redis

45
Q

_______________ is a Fully managed and scalable MariaDB relational database with high availability and security.

A

Azure Database for MariaDB

46
Q

_______________ is a service to Quickly create powerful cloud web-based apps.

A

Azure App Service

47
Q

_____________ is a web hosting service to Send push notifications to any platform from any back end.

A

Azure Notification Hubs

48
Q

________________ is a web hosting service to Publish APIs to developers, partners, and employees securely and at scale.

A

Azure API Management

49
Q

____________ is a Fully managed global IoT software as a service (SaaS) solution that makes it easy to connect, monitor, and manage IoT assets at scale.

A

IoT Central

50
Q

____________ is a Messaging hub that provides secure communications between and monitoring of millions of IoT devices.

A

Azure IoT Hub

51
Q

_____________ is a Fully managed service that allows data analysis models to be pushed directly onto IoT devices, which allows them to react quickly to state changes without needing to consult cloud-based AI models.

A

IoT Edge

52
Q

_________________ is a service that supports Running analytics at a massive scale by using a cloud-based enterprise data warehouse that takes advantage of massively parallel processing to run complex queries quickly across petabytes of data.

A

Azure Synapse Analytics

53
Q

_______________ supports Processing massive amounts of data with managed clusters of Hadoop in the cloud.

A

Azure HDInsight

54
Q

______________ is a service that supports Integrating this collaborative Apache Spark-based analytics service with other big data services in Azure.

A

Azure Databricks

55
Q

___________ is a data science technique that allows computers to use existing data to forecast future behaviors, outcomes, and trends. Using __________, computers learn without being explicitly programmed.

A

Machine learning

56
Q

Forecasts or predictions from ___________ can make apps and devices smarter. For example, when you shop online, _________ helps recommend other products you might like based on what you’ve purchased. Or when your credit card is swiped, _______________ compares the transaction to a database of transactions and helps detect fraud. And when your robot vacuum cleaner vacuums a room, _____________ helps it decide whether the job is done.

A

Machine learning

57
Q

_____________ is a Cloud-based environment you can use to develop, train, test, deploy, manage, and track machine learning models. It can auto-generate a model and auto-tune it for you. It will let you start training on your local machine, and then scale out to the cloud.

A

Azure Machine Learning Service

58
Q

____________ is a Collaborative visual workspace where you can build, test, and deploy machine learning solutions by using prebuilt machine learning algorithms and data-handling modules.

A

Azure ML Studio

59
Q

__________ brings together people, processes, and technology by automating software delivery to provide continuous value to your users.

A

DevOps

60
Q

____________ is a service that Use development collaboration tools such as high-performance pipelines, free private Git repositories, configurable Kanban boards, and extensive automated and cloud-based load testing. Formerly known as Visual Studio Team Services.

A

Azure DevOps

61
Q

____________ is a service that allows you to Quickly create on-demand Windows and Linux environments to test or demo applications directly from deployment pipelines.

A

Azure DevTest Labs

62
Q

True or false: You need to purchase an Azure account before you can use any Azure resources.

A

False. You can use a free Azure account or a MS Learn Sandbox to create resources.

63
Q

What is meant by cloud computing?

A

Delivery of computing services over the Internet.

64
Q

Which of the following is not a feature of Cloud computing?

  1. Faster innovation
  2. A limited pool of services
  3. Speech recognition and other cognitive services
A
  1. Limited pool of services.

Cloud offers nearly unlimited set of compute, storage, and network resources.

65
Q

Name the are three deployment models for cloud computing.

A

public cloud, private cloud, and hybrid cloud.

66
Q

Services are offered over the public internet and available to anyone who wants to purchase them. Cloud resources, such as servers and storage, are owned and operated by a third-party cloud service provider, and delivered over the internet.

A

Public cloud

67
Q

A ________ consists of computing resources used exclusively by users from one business or organization. A _________ can be physically located at your organization’s on-site (on-premises) datacenter, or it can be hosted by a third-party service provider.

A

Private cloud

68
Q

A ___________ is a computing environment that combines a public cloud and a private cloud by allowing data and applications to be shared between them.

A

Hybrid cloud

69
Q

Name this cloud model:

  • No capital expenditures to scale up.
  • Applications can be quickly provisioned and deprovisioned.
  • Organizations pay only for what they use.
A

Public cloud

70
Q

Name this cloud model:

  • No capital expenditures to scale up.
  • Applications can be quickly provisioned and deprovisioned.
  • Organizations pay only for what they use.
A

Public cloud

71
Q

Name this cloud model:

  • Hardware must be purchased for start-up and maintenance.
  • Organizations have complete control over resources and security.
  • Organizations are responsible for hardware maintenance and updates.
A

Private cloud

72
Q

Name this cloud model:

  • Provides the most flexibility.
  • Organizations determine where to run their applications.
  • Organizations control security, compliance, or legal requirements.
A

Hybrid cloud

73
Q

What are some cloud computing advantages?

A
  • High availability: Depending on the service-level agreement (SLA) that you choose, your cloud-based apps can provide a continuous user experience with no apparent downtime, even when things go wrong.
  • Scalability: Apps in the cloud can scale vertically and horizontally:
    • Scale vertically to increase compute capacity by adding RAM or CPUs to a virtual machine.
    • Scaling horizontally increases compute capacity by adding instances of resources, such as adding VMs to the configuration.
  • Elasticity: You can configure cloud-based apps to take advantage of autoscaling, so your apps always have the resources they need.
  • Agility: Deploy and configure cloud-based resources quickly as your app requirements change.
  • Geo-distribution: You can deploy apps and data to regional datacenters around the globe, thereby ensuring that your customers always have the best performance in their region.
    • Disaster recovery: By taking advantage of cloud-based backup services, data replication, and geo-distribution, you can deploy your apps with the confidence that comes from knowing that your data is safe in the event of disaster.
74
Q

Depending on the service-level agreement (SLA) that you choose, your cloud-based apps can provide a continuous user experience with no apparent downtime, even when things go wrong. What is this called?

A
  • High availability
75
Q

______________ to increase compute capacity by adding RAM or CPUs to a virtual machine.

A

Scale vertically

76
Q

________________ increases compute capacity by adding instances of resources, such as adding VMs to the configuration.

A

Scaling horizontally

77
Q

______________ is when you can configure cloud-based apps to take advantage of autoscaling, so your apps always have the resources they need.

A

Elasticity

78
Q

_____________ is when you can deploy apps and data to regional datacenters around the globe, thereby ensuring that your customers always have the best performance in their region.

A

Geo-distribution

79
Q

By taking advantage of cloud-based backup services, data replication, and geo-distribution, you can deploy your apps with the confidence that comes from knowing that your data is safe in the event of disaster is a concept known as ___________

A

Disaster recovery

80
Q

_________________ is the up-front spending of money on physical infrastructure, and then deducting that up-front expense over time. The up-front cost from CapEx has a value that reduces over time.

A

Capital Expenditure (CapEx)

81
Q

______________ is spending money on services or products now, and being billed for them now. You can deduct this expense in the same year you spend it. There is no up-front cost, as you pay for a service or product as you use it.

A

Operational Expenditure (OpEx)

82
Q

Cloud service providers operate on a _____________, which means that end users only pay for the resources that they use. Whatever they use is what they pay for.

A

consumption-based model

83
Q

A consumption-based model has many benefits, including:

A
  • No upfront costs.
  • No need to purchase and manage costly infrastructure that users might not use to its fullest.
  • The ability to pay for additional resources when they are needed.
    • The ability to stop paying for resources that are no longer needed.
84
Q

What are the 3 cloud service models?

A

PaaS, IaaS, and SaaS

85
Q

This cloud service model is the closest to managing physical servers; a cloud provider will keep the hardware up-to-date, but operating system maintenance and network configuration is up to you as the cloud tenant. For example, Azure virtual machines are fully operational virtual compute devices running in Microsoft datacenters.

A

IaaS

Infrastructure-as-a-Service

86
Q

An advantage of this cloud service model is rapid deployment of new compute devices. Setting up a new virtual machine is considerably faster than procuring, installing, and configuring a physical server.

A

IaaS

Infrastructure-as-a-Service

87
Q

Build pay-as-you-go IT infrastructure by renting servers, VMs, storage, networks, and OS from a cloud provider when you need it is what cloud service model?

A

IaaS

Infrastructure-as-a-Service

88
Q

This cloud service model is a managed hosting environment. The cloud provider manages the virtual machines and networking resources, and the cloud tenant deploys their applications into the managed hosting environment. For example, Azure App Services provides a managed hosting environment where developers can upload their web applications, without having to worry about the physical hardware and software requirements.

A

PaaS

Platform-as-a-Service

89
Q

With this cloud service model, the cloud solution provider is responsible for everything. It provides an environment for building, testing, and deploying software applications; without focusing on managing the underlying infrastructure.

A

PaaS

Platform-as-a-Service

90
Q

In this cloud service model, the cloud provider manages all aspects of the application environment, such as virtual machines, networking resources, data storage, and applications. The cloud tenant only needs to provide their data to the application managed by the cloud provider. For example, Microsoft Office 365 provides a fully working version of Microsoft Office that runs in the cloud. All you need to do is create your content, and Office 365 takes care of everything else.

A

SaaS

Software-as-a-Service

91
Q

With this cloud service model, users connect to and use cloud based apps over the internet.

A

SaaS

Software-as-a-Service

92
Q

_______is the most flexible category of cloud services. It aims to give you complete control over the hardware that runs your application. Instead of buying hardware, with IaaS, you rent it.

A

IaaS

93
Q

What responsibilities does the tenant have in the on-premise or provide cloud model?

A
  1. Data & access
  2. Applications
  3. Runtime
  4. OS
  5. VM
  6. Compute
  7. Networking
  8. Storage
94
Q

What responsibilities does the tenant have with an IaaS model?

A
  1. Data & access
  2. Applications
  3. Runtime
  4. OS
  5. VM
    6.
95
Q

What responsibilities does the cloud provider have in an IaaS model?

A
  1. Compute
  2. Networking
  3. Storage
96
Q

What responsibilities does a tenant have in a PaaS model?

A
  1. Data & access
  2. Applications
97
Q

What responsibilities does the provider have in a PaaS model?

A
  1. Runtime
  2. OS
  3. VM
  4. Compute
  5. Networking
  6. Storage
98
Q

What responsibilities does the tenant have in a SaaS model?

A
  1. Data & access
99
Q

What responsibilities does a provider have in a SaaS model?

A
  1. Applications
  2. Runtime
  3. OS
  4. VM
  5. Compute
  6. Networking
  7. Storage
100
Q

_________________ enables developers to build applications faster by eliminating the need for them to manage infrastructure. With this computing type, the cloud service provider automatically provisions, scales, and manages the infrastructure required to run the code.

A

serverless computing

101
Q

_______________ are highly scalable and event-driven, only using resources when a specific function or trigger occurs. It’s important to note that servers are still running the code. The name comes from the fact that the tasks associated with infrastructure provisioning and management are invisible to the developer. This approach enables developers to increase their focus on the business logic, and deliver more value to the core of the business.

A

Serverless architectures

102
Q

What are the advantages of serverless computing?

A
  1. highly scalable and event-driven, only using resources when a specific function or trigger occurs.
  2. tasks associated with infrastructure provisioning and management are invisible to the developer.
  3. enables developers to increase their focus on the business logic, and deliver more value to the core of the business.
  4. helps teams increase their productivity and bring products to market faster
  5. allows organizations to better optimize resources and stay focused on innovation
103
Q

Which of the following choices isn’t a cloud computing category?

  • Networking-as-a-Service (NaaS)
  • Platform-as-a-Service (PaaS)
  • Infrastructure-as-a-Service (IaaS)
  • Software-as-a-Service (SaaS)
A

Networking-as-a-Service (NaaS)

104
Q

Which of the following statements is true?

  • With Operating Expenses (OpEx), you are responsible for purchasing and maintaining your computing resources.
  • With Operating Expenses (OpEx), you are only responsible for the computing resources that you use.
  • With Capital Expenses (CapEx), you are only responsible for the computing resources that you use.
A

With Operating Expenses (OpEx), you are only responsible for the computing resources that you use.

105
Q

Which of the following options isn’t a type of cloud computing?

  • Distributed cloud
  • Hybrid cloud
  • Private cloud
  • Public cloud
A

Distributed cloud

106
Q

Which of the following choices isn’t a benefit of using cloud services?

  • Scalability
  • Disaster recovery
  • High availability
  • Geographic isolation
A

Geographic isolation

107
Q

True or false: In Azure, you can scale automatically by configuring Auto-Scale. Auto-Scale is an Azure service that can automatically scale applications running in many Azure services based on usage patterns, resource utilization, time of day, and much more.

A

True

108
Q

True or false: Scaling allows you to react to additional load or resource needs, but it’s always assumed that all the VMs you are using are healthy. Fault tol- erance happens without any interaction from you, and it’s designed to automatically move you from an unhealthy system to a healthy system if things go wrong.

A

True

109
Q

True or false: The difference between a public and a private cloud is the privacy of infrastructure and data. It doesn’t really matter who owns the infrastructure. So if your “cloud” is hosted on infrastructure that is owned by the hosting provider in a single tenant manner and is completely dedicated to the single company paying for the cloud, then this is a private cloud set up.

A

True

My AZ-900 Flashcards (6 decks)

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