B3 And 4 Flashcards
What is the order of complexity of cells/structures in the body?
Cells, tissues, organs, organ systems, organisms
Define Organ
Organs are collections of tissues. Each organ contains groups of tissues to carry out a secific task.
Define tissue
A tissue is a group of cells all with similar function working together.
How do enzymes attach to other things? (What method)
Lock and key
What are enzymes
Enxymes are biological catalysts and are protein molecules.
How do enzymes break down lipids.
The enzymes attack a lipid cluster, breaking it down. If bile was present then the reaction would be much faster.
Define catalyst
Something that sparks an event to happen. Like adding manganese dioxide to hydrogen peroxide.
Define denatured.
When an enzyme goes past a point kf definition that it is no longer effective at doing its job. For example, an enzyme that gets too hot will become denatured and wont break down substances.
How does a temp increase affect enzyme reaction.
Makes it faster up to a point where the enxyme becomes denatured.
What does amalayse do?
Breaks down starch into glucose within the moith and small intestine.
What does protease do?
Breaks down proteins to create amino acids in the stomach and small intestine
What does lipase do.
Breaks down fats and produces glycerol and fatty acids in the small intestine.
What is the role of stomach acid.
The stomach acid kills all bacteria due to its ph level, it does not break down food.
What is the role of bile.
Breaks down fats into smaller droplets making the surface area much larger.
Where is bile produced?
The liver, then moves to the gall bladder, then moves to the small intestine, bile is very important.
What are the main components of the blood?
Plasma and formed elements (mainly red blood cells but also white and platelet cells)
What shape do red blood cells take? And why?
Concave, to increase surface area.
