lecture 10 environmental policy

Question 1

Three waves of environmental policy:

Answer 1

(1) Land settlement and westward expansion from
the 1780s –1880s (intense resource use)
(2) Conservation and preservation starting in the late
1800s/early 1900s
(3) Environmental protection in the 1960s –70s.

Question 2

General Land Ordinances of 1780s

Answer 2

federal control of newly acquired land, created grid system, encouraged settlement

Question 3

Homestead Act of 1862

Answer 3

gave settlers land to improve and they would get the land permanently after five years

Question 4

First Wave of environmental policy

Answer 4

A time of intense resource use with the primary goal of

economic growth and settlement.

Question 5

The General Mining Act 1872

Answer 5

Any individual can stake a claim for $5

no royalties taken

Question 6

John Muir

Answer 6

prominent
voice against resource extraction
and environmental destruction, led to the second wave

Question 7

Second Wave of Environmental Policy

Answer 7

A time of conservation and preservation (1870s and onward)

Question 8

preservationist

Answer 8

Land should be protected for

aesthetic and spiritual benefit

Question 9

John Muir

Answer 9

Father of the National Park system

Question 10

Gifford Pinchot

Answer 10

Established first forestry program in US, Advocated for using forest resources in a sustainable way, First Chief of the Forest Service (1905)

Question 11

conservationist

Answer 11

The forests should be held the
government for all to benefit, we should manage
forest resources for sustainable use.

Question 12

Theodore Roosevelt

Answer 12

Created the Forest Service in 1905 (‘Conservationist approach’), Recognized long-term benefit of land preservation

Question 13

Bears Ears National Monument

Answer 13

Established by Obama using the American Antiquities Act