2.4 Motivation

Question 1

Extrinsic Motivation

Answer 1

Comes from external rewards from working on a tast

Eg. Salary, Homework passes

Question 2

Insintric Motivation

Answer 2

Comes from the satisfaction delivered from completing a task

Finding work interesting

Question 3

Indicators of Demotivation

Answer 3

• Absenteeism
• Lateness
• Poor response rate
• Complaints
• Poor performance
• High Labour turnover

Question 4

Salary

Answer 4

Annual income that is usually paid monthly

• Fixed
• Each Salary band has a job description (Higher rank = Higher pay)

Question 5

Wages

Answer 5

Time:

• Hourly

Peice rates:

• Paid per unit of work

Eg. $2 per shoe made

Question 6

Commission

Answer 6

A payment to a sales person for each sale made

Eg. $200 per car sold

OR

5% of the product sold

Question 7

Performance Related Pay (PRP)

Answer 7

A bonus depending on performance.

Requires target selling & appraisal

Eg. Excellent = 10% bonus

Question 8

Profit Related Pay

Answer 8

A bonus to EE based on the profits of the business

Eg. 10% bonus if the company makes profit of $2mil per annum

Question 9

Fringe Benefits

Answer 9

NON CASH forms of financial rewards

Eg. Company car, insurance, low interest loans, pensions

Question 10

Employee Share Ownership Schemes

Answer 10

EE’s become part of the company by being allocated shares

OR

Share options that only ‘vest’ once the share price goes above a certain level.

Question 11

Job Rotation

Answer 11

Moving EE’s between different tasks to provide variety in experience

Not necessarily more challenging work

Question 12

Job Enrichment

Answer 12

Giving EE’s jobs & responsibilities that use a full range of their abilities

Gives Autonomy & a Challenge

Question 13

Job Enlargement

Answer 13

Increasing the load of tasks for EE’s

Question 14

Team Working

Answer 14

Production is organised so that EE’s work in groups/ teams

Question 15

Empowerment

Answer 15

Giving EE’s Authority & Autonomy over how they complete a task

Question 16

Purpose

Answer 16

The opportunity to make a difference

To do something meaningful to you

Question 17

Taylors theory

Answer 17

Mass production where people are only motivated by money

Piece rates

Question 18

Hertzberg’s Two Factor Theory

Answer 18

Motivating factors​:

• Higher motivation when present
• Real motivation comes through interesting and challenging work

Hygien Factors:

• Do not motivate
• Demotivate if not present
• Salary, fringe benefits
• Eg. High salaries can lower dissatisfaction but will not lead to higher levels of motivation
• High salaries are quickly taken for granted

Question 19

Adams Equity Theory

Answer 19

Inputs = Outputs

Motivated by a feeling of fairness

If workers feel they are putting more into their job then they are receiving they may become demotivated

And other way round.

Question 20

Daniel Pink

Answer 20

Autonomy:

• Self direction & control

Mastery:

• Become an expert

Purpose:

• See a purpose in what you’re doing

Moves away from frinancial rewards:

Question 21

Maslows Hierachy of Needs

Answer 21

Based on the theory that we are motivated by what we need.

Aim for the next level when current needs have been met.

After a need has been satisfied it will no longer motivate us. (Aiming higher)

Question 22

Maslows Hierachy in relation with Hertzberg’s 2 Factor Theory

Answer 22