DM Flashcards
1
Q
DM1
A
lack of insulin
2
Q
DM2
A
insulin resistance
3
Q
DM1 Tx
A
(if you dont treat they will DIE)
- Diet (least imp)
- Insulin (most important)
- Exercise
4
Q
DM2 Tx
A
(they are DOA)
- Diet (most imp)
- Oral hypoglycemic
- Activity
5
Q
Primary Tx DM2
A
calorie restriction - divide meals into 6 feedings/day
6
Q
S/S of DM
A
polyuria (pee a lot)
polydipsia (thirsty)
polyphagia (eat a lot/swallow)
7
Q
Regular Insulin
A
clear solution, IV drip
- 1-2-4
8
Q
NPH
A
intermediate insulin
- it is cloudy
- suspension—it precipitates—can’t give IV drip
- N = not so fast, not in the bag
- 6-8-10-12
9
Q
Lispro (Humalog)
A
- give WITH the meal
- fastest
15: 30:3
10
Q
Glargine (lantus)
A
- long-acting insulin
- no peak
- duration 12-24 hours
- only one you can give safely at bedtime
11
Q
Expiration dates
A
- opening package invalidates manufactures date
- once open, exp. date is 30 days after
12
Q
Excercise
A
- exercise potentiates insulin action
- like another shot of insulin
13
Q
Sick days
A
serum glucose goes UP
need insulin even when eating
sips of water
- two problems: hyperglycemia and dehydration
14
Q
hypoglycemia causes
A
not enough food
too much insulin
too much exercise
15
Q
s/s of hypogylcemia
A
think drunk pt in shock - staggering gait - slurred speech - cerebral impairment (labile) - slow reaction time - decrease social inhibition shock - tachycardia, tachypnea, low bp - cold/clammy mottled skin
