Hyposplenism Flashcards
what is hyposplenism
where the function of the spleen is absent or reduced
summarise the functions of the spleen in the body
it fights invading germs in the blood (the spleen contains infection-fighting white blood cells)
it controls the level of blood cells (white blood cells, red blood cells and platelets)
it filters the blood and removes any old or damaged red blood cells
what can be the causes of hyposplenism
main causes are sickle cell anaemia and coeliac disease
hepatitis and autoimmune conditions can also cause hyposplenism
how to diagnose hyposplenism
do a peripheral blood smear;
you will see an increased platelet count, Howell-jolly bodies, pitted erythrocytes and monocytosis with lymphocytosis
how to manage hyposplenism/ splenectomy
vaccinations (Neisseria meningitides, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenza)
antibiotic therapy when necessary (prophylaxis)
