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Muscle origin and insertions > The shoulder and arm > Flashcards

The shoulder and arm Flashcards

1
Q

Descending
Part of
Trapezius

A

Origin: External occipital protuberance and
superior nuchal line of occipital bone,
nuchal ligament, spinous process of C7 vertebra.
Insertion: Posterior aspect of lateral one
third of clavicle, acromion of scapula.
Action: Elevates, retracts, and upwardly rotates the pectoral (shoulder) girdle at
acromioclavicular and sternoclavicular
joints; extends and laterally flexes head and neck.
Innervation: Accessory nerve, anterior rami
of third and fourth cervical nerves

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2
Q

Transverse
Part of
Trapezius

A

Origin: Spinous processes of C7-T4 vertebrae.
Insertion: Acronion of scapula, medial half of spine of scapula.
Action: Retracts the pectoral (shoulder)
girdle at acromioclavicular and sternoclavicular joints.
Innervation: Accessory nerve, anterior rami
of third and fourth cervical nerves

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3
Q

Ascending Part

of Trapezius

A

Origin: Spinous processes of T5-T12 vertebrae.
Insertion: Medial half of spine of scapula.
Action: Depresses, retracts, and upwardly rotates the pectoral (shoulder) girdle at
acromioclavicular and sternoclavicular joints.
Innervation: Accessory nerve, anterior rami
of third and fourth cervical nerves.

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4
Q

Levator

Scapulae

A

Origin: Transverse processes of C1-C4 vertebrae
Insertion: Superior angle of scapula, medial
border of scapula superior to spine of scapula.
Action: Elevates and downwardly rotates pectoral (shoulder) girdle at acromioclavicular and sternoclavicular joints; extends and laterally flexes neck
Innervation: Anterior rami of third and fourth cervical nerves, dorsal scapular nerve(C5).

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5
Q

Rhomboid

Minor + Major

A

Origin: Nuchal ligament and spinous
processes of C7-T5 vertebrae.
Insertion: Medial border of scapula.
Action: Retracts and downwardly rotates
pectoral (shoulder) girdle at acromioclavicular and sternoclavicular joints.
Innervation: Dorsal scapular nerve (C4-C5).

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6
Q

Serratus

Anterior

A

Origin: External surfaces of first to ninth ribs.
Insertion: Medial border of scapula.
Action: Protracts and upwardly rotates
pectoral (shoulder) girdle at acromioclavicular and sternoclavicular joints.
Innervation: Long thoracic nerve (C5-C7).

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7
Q

Subclavius

A

Origin: Superior surface of costal of end of
first rib and adjacent first costal cartilage.
Insertion: Inferior surface of the middle one third of clavicle.
Action: Stabilizes clavicle.
Innervation: Nerve to subclavius muscle (C5-C6).

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8
Q

Pectoralis

Minor Muscle

A

Origin: Anterior ends of third to fifth ribs
Insertion: Coracoid process of scapula.
Action: Protracts and downwardly rotates
pectoral (shoulder) girdle at acromioclavicular and sternoclavicular joints.
Innervation: Medial and lateral pectoral
nerves (C5-T1)

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9
Q

Pectoralis

Major

A

Origin: Clavicular head: anterior aspects of
medial half of clavicle; Sternocostal head:
manubrium, sternal body, the true ribs and
their costal cartilages; Abdominal part:
external abdominal oblique aponeurosis
Insertion: Crest of greater tubercle of humerus OR lateral lip of bicipital groove.
Action: Adducts, medially rotates, and
transversely adducts arm at glenohumeral
(shoulder) joint; depresses pectoral
(shoulder) girdle at acromioclavicular and sternoclavicular joints.
Innervation: Medial and lateral pectoral
nerves (C5-T1).

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10
Q

Latissimus

Dorsi

A

Origin: Spinous processes of T7-L5 via thoracolumbar fascia, ninth to twelfth ribs, iliac crest.
Insertion: Floor of intertubercular sulcus of humerus.
Action: Adducts. medially rotates, and extends arm at glenohumeral (shoulder) joint.
Innervation: Thoracodorsal nerve (C6-C8).

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11
Q

Teres Major

A

Origin: Posterior aspect of inferior angle of scapula.
Insertion: Crest of lesser tubercle of humerus.
Action: Adducts and medially rotates arm
at glenohumeral (shoulder) joint.
Innervation: Lower subscapular nerve (C5-C7).

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12
Q

Subscapularis

A 
Origin: Subscapular fossa of scapula.
Insertion: Lesser tubercle of humerus.
Action: Medially rotates and stabilizes arm
at glenohumeral (shoulder) joint.
Innervation: Upper and lower subscapular
nerves (C5-C7).
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13
Q

Supraspinatus

A 
Origin: Supraspinous fossa of scapula.
Insertion: Greater tubercle of humerus.
Action: Abducts and stabilizes arm at
glenohumeral (shoulder) joint.
Innervation: Suprascapular nerve (C5-C6).
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14
Q

Infraspinatus

A 
Origin: Infraspinous fossa of scapula.
Insertion: Greater tubercle of humerus.
Action: Laterally rotates, transversely
abducts and stabilizes arm at
glenohumeral (shoulder) joint.
Innervation: Suprascapular Nerve (C5-C6).
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15
Q

Teres Minor

A 
Origin: Posterior aspect of superior half of
lateral border of scapula.
Insertion: Greater tubercle of humerus.
Action: Laterally rotates, transversely
abducts and stabilizes arm at
glenohumeral (shoulder) joint.
Innervation: Axillary nerve (C5-C6).
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16
Q 
Deltoid
Clavicular,
Acromial +
Scapular Spinal
Part
A

Origin: Lateral one third of clavicle, Acromion of scapula, Spine of scapula.
Insertion: Deltoid tuberosity of humerus.
Action: Flexes and medially rotates arm at
glenohumeral (shoulder) joint.
Innervation: Axillary nerve (C5-C6)

17
Q

Triceps Brachii
Long, Lateral +
Medial Heads

A

Origin: Long: Infraglenoid tubercle of scapula.
Lateral: Posterior surface of humerus, superior to radial groove.
Medial: Posterior surface of humerus,
inferior to radial groove.
Insertion: Olecranon of ulna and adjacent
antebrachial fascia.
Action: Extends forearm at elbow joint. Long: weak shoulder adduction and
extension.
Innervation: Radial nerve (C7).

18
Q

Anconeus

A

Origin: Posterior aspect of lateral epicondyle of humerus.
Insertion: Olecranon; proximal end of body of ulna.
Action: Extends forearm at elbow joint.
Innervation: Radial nerve (C7-C8).

19
Q

Coracobrachialis

A

Origin: Coracoid process of scapula.
Insertion: Middle third of medial aspect of humerus.
Action: Adducts and flexes arm at
glenohumeral (shoulder) joint.
Innervation: Musculocutaneous nerve (C5-C7).

20
Q

Biceps Brachii
Short and Long
Head

A

Origin: SH: Apex of coracoid process of scapula.
LH: Supraglenoid tubercle of scapula.
Insertion: Radial tuberosity and antebrachial fascia.
Action: Supinates forearm; flexes forearm at elbow joint, most effectively when the forearm is supinated.
Innervation: Musculocutaneous nerve (C5-C6).

Muscle origin and insertions (4 decks)

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