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physics > particle model of matter > Flashcards

particle model of matter Flashcards

1
Q

what is the particle theory/ kinetic theory

A

helps us understand how the particles in each state behave by considering each particle as a small, solid and inelastic sphere

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2
Q

what is density

A

how much mass a substance has per unit of its volume

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3
Q

what is the equation for density

A

density = mass/volume

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4
Q

how do you find the volume of an irregular shape

A
  • using a eureka can filled with water
  • gently lower the object into the can
  • measure the volume of the displaced water using a measuring cylinder
  • this is the volume of the object
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5
Q

what is meant by the specific latent heat of an object

A

the specific latent heat of a substance is the amount of energy required to change the state of one kilogram of the substance with no change in temperature

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6
Q

what happens to the temperature and a substance when it is changing states and why

A

the temperature will remain constant when a substance is changing states because the energy provided is being used to weaken/break the forces holding the particles together

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7
Q

what is latent heat

A

the amount of energy required to change the state of a substance while the temperature stays the same

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8
Q

what are the two types of specific latent heat

A
  • specific latent heat of fusion = energy change when a substance changes between a solid and a liquid
  • specific latent heat of vaporisation = energy change when a substance changes between a liquid and a gas
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9
Q

what is the equation for latent heat

A

energy required or released = mass x specific latent heat

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10
Q

how do gases curate pressure

A

by colliding with each other or with the walls of the containing

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11
Q

what is the equation for pressure

A

pressure = force/area

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12
Q

what does total pressure depend on

A
  • how many collisions there are

- how much energy each collision involves

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13
Q

what affects gas pressure

A
  • temperature
  • concentration
  • volume
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14
Q

how does temperature increase gas pressure

A
  • heat energy transfers energy to the particles kinetic energy store
  • move around faster
  • more collisions
  • collisions have more force
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15
Q

how does concentration increase gas pressure

A
  • increased concentration of particles in the same volume means more collisions in the same space
  • particles collide more
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16
Q

how does decrease in volume increase gas pressure

A
  • decreasing the volume increase the concentration of particles the same
  • more collisions against the wall as there is less space
  • more collisions with other particles as it more tightly packed
17
Q

what is the relation between pressure and volume

A

inversely proportional

18
Q

what is the equation for pressure and volume

A

pressure x volume = constant value

physics (5 decks)

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