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Medieval Christianity > Week One: early church 100-500 > Flashcards

Week One: early church 100-500 Flashcards

1
Q

Around which year did roman authorities realise there was a new secret society at the heart of the city?

A

60

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2
Q

what were the rumoured names of the figure the new secret sect was based upon?

A

‘chrestus’ ‘Christus’

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3
Q

when was the great fire that swept through Rome during the reign of Nero?

A

64

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4
Q

who was blamed for the great fire in Rome

A

the new mysterious religion

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5
Q

why did Rome blame christians for the fire of Rome?

A

to cover up their own failings for the fire and its aftermath

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6
Q

why was historian Tacitus (56-117) significant?

A

he gave the secret group the name ‘christians’ after giving an account of the fire which happened 50 years earlier

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7
Q

where did the name ‘christians’ come from?

A

Tacitus gave it to the new religious cult in Rome. based of of the name Christus. a man who had been executed by Polonius pilate. ‘pernicious superstition’ had found its way to Rome.

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8
Q

where did pernicious superstition spread from and too?

A

Judea to Rome

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9
Q

what happened to those who pleaded guilty for their association with the group/ fire?

A

arrested, immense conviction, not for the crime of the fire tho, more for hating humanity.

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10
Q

wha did the Christ’s group pose a threat to?

A

the cult of the emperor worship

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11
Q

how did christianity appear in the contest of judaism?

A

as a reform movement

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12
Q

how did early christians refer to each other?

A

as ‘disciples’ or ‘saints’

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13
Q

who used the term ‘christians’

A

outsiders used it to refer to people who followed Jesus of Nazareth

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14
Q

what was the form of the early Christian movement?

A

diverse, not well defined, no clear authority or defined belief system

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15
Q

what is the ‘patristic period’?

A

c.100-451 a time when christianity began to expand rapidly throughout the Mediterranean and beyond

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16
Q

originally, what position did christianity take in regards to judaism?

A

they saw themselves as continuous with Judaism

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17
Q

which God did christians worship?

A

the same God worshipped by patriarchs Abraham, Isaac and Jacob

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18
Q

what does the name Jesus Christ mean?

A

Jesus who is the christ

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19
Q

what is the title ‘Christ’ a demonstration of?

A

the hope for a new messiah to save the people of Israel

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20
Q

what does messiah mean?

A

the anointed one

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21
Q

what demonstrates Christianity’s continuity with Judaism?

A

Judaism emphasises the following of the law (Torah) and Jesus emphasises that he did not come to abolish the law but to fulfil it (Matt 5:17)

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22
Q

generally what texts did early christians read?

A

the same as jews: Law, Prophets and Writings.

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23
Q

who thought there should be no ties with Judaism?

A

Marcion of Sinope

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24
Q

what was different about the way jews and christians read their text?

A

they interpreted the same text differently

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25
Q

what 2 things did the New Testament emphasise?

A

Old Testament prophesies were fulfilled by the life and death of Jesus Christ and christianity brings judaism into fulfilment.

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26
Q

what is a central question in Paul’s letters?

A

whether christians should still be circumcised

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27
Q

who favoured circumcision

A

those who were still loyal to jewish law, those who emphasised the continuation between jews and christians

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28
Q

which thought prevailed in regards to circumcision?

A

christians were no longer subject to cultic laws of Judaism

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29
Q

when did christians see themselves as a new religious movement?

A

late first century

30
Q

why did christians have to live in the shadows of society even though they had roots in Judaism, which was a ‘legal religion’

A

they didn’t have imperial legal protection

31
Q

what were christians subject to at the end of first century?

A

persecution, oppression, no power or social influence

32
Q

christianises origins were in Palestine, but where did it begin to grow outside of palatine?

A

greek speaking world, the cities of the Roman Empire

33
Q

where did Paul take his mission?

A

cities and regions throughout the north eastern Mediterranean, including Europe

34
Q

an early example of sermons in Palestine which emphasised Jesus’ fulfilment of the hope of Israel and the Old Testament

A

Peters Sermon (Acts 2)

35
Q

why could sermons in Greek speaking regions be approached differently?

A

they had no knowledge of the Old Testament or the history of Israel

36
Q

how did Paul present Jesus/ God to the greeks?

A

as the fulfilment of the deepest longings of the human heart and the most profound intuitions of human reason

37
Q

why did Paul present Jesus in such a way to please the greeks

A

the importance of greek philosophy. incorporated greek philosophical themes such as ‘logos’ the word, a rational principle of the universe in platonic tradition

38
Q

where is logos developed in the New Testament?

A

in the beginning of John’s Gospel. Jesus is ‘the word’ by which the world was originally created

39
Q

what did ‘logos’ demonstrate?

A

Christianity’s universal appeal. how it could capture resonance in every human culture

40
Q

what do the gospels reflect on?

A

theology and historical recollection. focusing on both the significance and the identity of Jesus

41
Q

difference between Matthew and Luke?

A

Matthew specifies the continuity between christianity and Judaism and Luke focuses on convincing a greek audience

42
Q

why was ‘what Jesus thought’ important in the gospels?

A

important to help believers live an authentic christian lifestyle, develop humility towards others and obedience towards God

43
Q

why was ‘what `Jesus did’ important in the Gospels?

A

to establish Jesus’ identity. aspects of what he did, e.g. healing people, were adopted by medieval monasteries when they established hospitals.

44
Q

why is ‘what people said about Jesus’ important in the gospels?

A

public recognition of Jesus and his identity

45
Q

what were the ‘epistles’ and what are their significance?

A

letters addressed to different churches, focus on issues of conduct and belief. key to understanding the significance of Jesus within the christian community

46
Q

epistle emphasise…

A

imitation Jesus’ actions like treating others how you would like to be treated etc.. (Philippians 2)

47
Q

themes of Jesus revealed in the letters which became characteristic of christian communities

A

1) Jesus was a way of making the invisible God visible
2) Jesus is the one who makes salvation possible
3) the resurrection is a sign of his divinity, hope and the present nature of God

48
Q

when did christianity rapidly spread?

A

end of the first and start of the second century

49
Q

one primary mechanism of Christianity’s spread?

A

public preaching, e.g. Paul’s mission

50
Q

how were networks a mechanism of christianity’s growth?

A

loose organisation based in specific professions who organised secret meeting which interested outsiders were invited to

51
Q

how was trade and commerce a mechanism for christianity’s spread?

A

preachers and teachers would attend house churches where they had business

52
Q

why was the spread of christianity hard in the early stages?

A

no centralised bishops, church buildings/ cathedrals, no standardised model of community

53
Q

why did people convert to christianity despite the risks?

A

new sense of identity and status, achieving belonging and achieving significance and meaning under roman rule

54
Q

why did the hierarchical form of the Roman Empire encourage people to convert to christianity?

A

because christianity minimises socially constructed values e.g. Galatians 3:28

55
Q

why did s=christianity appeal to those at the base of roman society?

A

christian values allowed these people to develop an elevated sense of self worth and value

56
Q

who were people at the base of society?

A

women, slaves, those with illness

57
Q

what was/ integral to the christian community?

A

social outreach to the sick, poor, needy and other marginalised groups

58
Q

where is the term apostle derived from?

A

the greek verb ‘apostelein’ = ‘to send’

59
Q

according to the New Testament, what was Paul responsible for?

A

establishing christian churches in many parts of the Mediterranean world

60
Q

how did scattered individual communities of christians see themselves in relation to a larger universal community referred to later in the NT?

A

communities remained in contact with each other through travelling teachers who visited clusters of churches and shared integral documents, some which remain in the NT

61
Q

how did pastoral epistles see faith?

A

as sets of teachings which should be passed down from generation to generation

62
Q

why were pastoral epistles significant?

A

important in developing the institutionalisation of faith and the exploration of Ecclesiastical structure best suited for future generations of the church

63
Q

how did the faith of early christians seem?

A

diverse but by the early second century they seemed to develop some theological unity over the worship of christ

64
Q

how should we describe early christianity and its function?

A

not as a single tradition but multiple networks of groups and individuals who existed in different social, cultural and linguistic traditions.

65
Q

why was christianity not uniform?

A

because they had no authority structure

66
Q

when did diversity in the christian faith appear

A

right from the beginning, it wasn’t developed later in the movement as many believe.

67
Q

which gospel emphasises the integral role of women in the Jesus movement/ spreading the gospel

A

Luke / Acts

68
Q

how are women seen as integral evangelists in Luke/ Acts?

A

Acts states that Women showed hospitality to missionaries in Europe e.g. Lydia who made her home available as a house church and staging posts for missionaries.

69
Q

what does Luke emphasise?

A

that within christianity Women gained a better social status than in Judaism and offered them significant roles in the evangelistic and pastoral ministry of the early church

70
Q

who does Luke single out as a couple who drove evangelic practices?

A

pricilla and Aquila

71
Q

who does Paul commend to the Roman Church?

A

‘our sister Phoebe, a servant of the church’ (Romans 16:1)

Medieval Christianity (7 decks)

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