Lecture 9: Pharmacology of peripheral nervous system

Question 1

Neurotransmitters of ANS

Answer 1

1. Preganglionic neurons: Acetylcholine
2. Parasympathetic postganglionic neurons: Acetylcholine
3. Sympathetic postganglionic neurons: Norepinephrine

Question 2

2 types of cholinergic receptors

Answer 2

1. Nicotinic receptors (LGIC) - leads to depolarization

2. Muscarinic receptors (GPCR) - depends on G-protein signalling cascade

Question 3

2 types of adrenergic receptors

Answer 3

1. Alpha (GPCR)- most common

2. Beta (GPCR) - all activates cAMP, different affinities for NE and epinephrine

Question 4

Signal transduction of Alpha 1 Adrenergic receptors

Answer 4

Gq, PLC, Calcium release

depolarization

Phenylephrine (selective agonist)

Prazosin (selective antagonist)

Question 5

Signal transduction of Alpha 2 adrenergic receptor

Answer 5

Gi, inhibit adenylyl cyclase, decrease cAMP

hyperpolarization

Clonidine (selective agonist)

Rauwolscine (selective antagonist)

Question 6

Signal transduction at Beta adrenergic receptor

Answer 6

cAMP signalling via PKA

PKA phosphorylates metabolic enzymes, transcription factors and VGIC

Question 7

B1 and B2 receptors and their affinity towards NE and EPI

Answer 7

B1: excitatory NE=EPI affinity

B2: inhibitory EPI»NE affinity

Question 8

Locations of a1 receptors

Answer 8

vascular smooth muscles and pupils

Question 9

Locations of a2 receptors

Answer 9

CNS, platelets, adipose tissue, some smooth muscle, nerve terminals

Question 10

Locations of B1, B2 and B3 receptors

Answer 10

B1: CNS, cardiac muscles, kidney

B2: blood vessels, respiratory tract, uterus

B3: adipose tissue, gallbladder, bladder