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MS II > Lumbar test 2 > Flashcards

Lumbar test 2 Flashcards

1
Q

All of the following include self-help treatments except

a. leaning forward
b. OTC medication
c. exercise
d. positional change

A

exercise

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2
Q

All of the following include self-help treatments except

a. education
b. injection
c. traction
d. cycling

A

injection

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3
Q

List the self-help plus treatment options for spinal stenosis

A 
borrowing
treadmill
cycling
traction
exercise
manual therapy 
neural tissue mobilization
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4
Q

Only body-weight supported treadmill walking is best for spinal stenosis patients (true/false)

A

false

either with or without

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5
Q

What type of cycling is the best for stenosis patients?

a. extended backwards
b. upright or forward bent
c. nustep
d. do not have them cycle

A

upright or forward bent

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6
Q

Lumbar traction is indicated for stenosis patients if there is

A

presence of leg symptoms

signs of nerve root compression

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7
Q

If a patient with spinal stenosis is showing signs of nerve root compression with peripheralization with extension movements, which treatment should you administer?

a. cycling
b. treadmill
c. manual therapy
d. lumbar traction

A

lumbar traction

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8
Q

If a patient with spinal stenosis is showing signs of nerve root compression with peripheralization with a crossed straight leg raise, which treatment should you administer?

a. cycling
b. treadmill
c. manual therapy
d. lumbar traction

A

lumbar traction

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9
Q

What exercises can be done for spinal stenosis patients?

A 
flexion based
aerobic
stretches 
aquatic 
stabilization
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10
Q

Which type of exercise should be done with spinal stenosis patients?

a. extension
b. side bending
c. lateral shifting
d. flexion

A

flexion

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11
Q

Which grade of mobilization should be performed on patients with spinal stenosis?

a. grade I and II
b. grade II and III
c. grade I and IV
d. grade III and IV

A

grade II and III

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12
Q

What is the purpose of manual therapy for spinal stenosis patients?

a. increase movement
b. mobilize the nerves
c. increase space and BF
d. open the space

A

increase space and BF

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13
Q

What exercises promote neural tissue mobilization?

A

walking
treadmill
aquatic therapy
exercises

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14
Q

Injections with PT are not beneficial (true/false)

A

false

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15
Q

The purpose of injections with PT for stenosis pts are to

a. improve blood flow
b. increase space
c. prevent surgery
d. provide relief and reduce inflammation

A

provide relief and reduce inflammation

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16
Q

The surgery rate for spinal stenosis increased _% in the last decade

A

400%

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17
Q

Which leads to a poorer outcome with spinal stenosis surgery?

a. depression, hypertension, higher income, older
b. poor walking ability, scoliosis, depression, cardiovascular co-morbidity
c. better walking ability, lower income, co-morbidities, scoliosis
d. diabetes, hypertension, male. higher income

A

poor walking ability, scoliosis, depression, cardiovascular co-morbidity

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18
Q

Which leads to a better outcome with spinal stenosis surgery?

a. less comorbidities, low income, male gender, younger
b. poor walking abilities, diabetes, female, younger
c. scoliosis, better walking abilities, high income, male
d. male, better walking ability, younger, higher income, less co-morbidity, self-rated health

A

male, better walking ability, younger, higher income, less co-morbidity, self-rated health

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19
Q

We have very little confidence to conclude whether surgical treatment or a conservative approach is better for lumbar spinal stenosis (true/false)

A

true

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20
Q

No side effects were reported with conservative treatment for spinal stenosis (true/false)

A

true

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21
Q

The SIJ is what type of joint?

A

synovial articulation or diarthrosis

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22
Q

The sacroiliac joint serves to _

a. support the spine
b. as an intersection
c. attach to the LE
d. help with lumbar rotation

A

as an intersection

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23
Q

SI joints are the same in every person and in any type of gender (true/false)

A

false

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24
Q

What percentage of LBP patients have SIJ issues?

a. 4%
b. 10%
c. 9%
d. 22%

A

9%

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25
Q

Which part of the SIN contains synovial and hyaline cartilage?

a. lateral
b. medial
c. anterior
d. posterior

A

anterior

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26
Q

Which area of the SIJ articulates with the PLL?

a. anterior
b. posterior
c. medial
d. lateral

A

posterior

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27
Q

Which nerve innervates the SIJ?

a. femoral nerve
b. obturator nerve
c. posterior rami
d. sciatic nerve

A

sciatic nerve

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28
Q

All of the following movements are facilitated in SIJ except

a. shear
b. compression
c. external rotation
d. distraction
e. mutation

A

external rotation

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29
Q

How much movement is there in the SIJ?

a. 5%
b. 4%
c. 9%
d. 12%

A

4%

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30
Q

List the ligaments in the SIJ

A

dorsal sacral ligament
interosseous ligament
anterior sacroiliac ligament

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31
Q

Which system includes the lats, glute max, thoracodorsal fascia?

a. lateral system
b. anterior oblique system
c. deep longitudinal system
d. posterior oblique system

A

posterior oblique system

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32
Q

Which system includes the external/internal obliques, contralateral hip adductors, intervening abdominal fasica?

a. lateral system
b. anterior oblique system
c. deep longitudinal system
d. posterior oblique system

A

anterior oblique system

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33
Q

Which system includes the ES, deep layer thoracodorsal fascia, sacrotuberous ligament, and biceps femoris?

a. lateral system
b. anterior oblique system
c. deep longitudinal system
d. posterior oblique system

A

deep longitudinal system

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34
Q

Which system includes the gluteus medius and contralateral hip adductors?

a. lateral system
b. anterior oblique system
c. deep longitudinal system
d. posterior oblique system

A

lateral system

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35
Q

The lats, glute max, and thoracodorsal fascia are apart of the

a. outer unit
b. inner unit
c. pelvic floor
d. none of the above

A

outer unit

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36
Q

The external/internal obliques, contralateral hip adductors, intervening abdominal fasica are apart of the

a. outer unit
b. inner unit
c. pelvic floor
d. none of the above

A

outer unit

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37
Q

The ES, deep layer thoracodorsal fascia, sacrotuberous ligament, and biceps femoris are apart of the

a. outer unit
b. inner unit
c. pelvic floor
d. none of the above

A

outer unit

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38
Q

The gluteus medius and contralateral hip adductors are apart of the

a. outer unit
b. inner unit
c. pelvic floor
d. none of the above

A

outer unit

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39
Q

The levator ani consists of

A

pubococcygeus, puborectalis and iliococcygeus

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40
Q

The levator ani joins with the coccygeus muscles to complete the

a. outer unit
b. inner unit
c. pelvic floor
d. none of the above

A

pelvic floor

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41
Q

All of the following are functions of the pelvic floor except

a. help the diaphragm with breathing
b. increase intraabdominal pressure
c. help pelvic organs
d. lumbopelvic stability
e. rectal support

A

help the diaphragm with breathing

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42
Q

List the pelvic floor functions

A 
increase intrabdomindal pressure
provide rectal support 
inhibit bladder activity 
support pelvic organs
lumbopelvic stability
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43
Q

The multifidus, TA, diaphragm, pelvic floor are part of the

a. outer unit
b. inner unit
c. pelvic floor
d. none of the above

A

inner unit

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44
Q

The _ portion of the SIJ is innervated from posterior rami L2-S2 roots

a. posterior
b. anterior
c. medial
d. caudal

A

anterior

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45
Q

The anterior portion of the SIJ is innervated from posterior rami _ roots

a. L1-S5 roots
b. L2-S2 roots
c. L3-S4 roots
d. L1-S2 roots

A

L2-S2 roots

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46
Q

The innervation of the SIJ is consistent with any joint (true/false)

A

false

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47
Q

Movement of the pelvis is in the nature of _

A

deformations

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48
Q

guiding motions of the pelvis move around _ with the pelvic ring deforming in response to _ and _

A

axes
BW
GRF

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49
Q

This movement of the pelvis can also be called flexion

A

nutation

50
Q

This movement of the pelvis can also be called extension

A

counter-nutation

51
Q

Motion of the pelvis occurs in which plane?

a. transverse
b. sagittal
c. frontal
d. none of the above

A

sagittal

52
Q

Explain the mechanics of the pelvis during climbing or walking

A

posterior pelvic tilt on one side and anterior pelvic tilt on the other side

53
Q

What forces help stabilize the pelvis?

A

form closure

force closure

54
Q

The pelvis creates a _ for stability

A

keystone

55
Q

The pelvis has a _ effect

A

clutching

56
Q

Pelvis dysfunction due to aging can be caused by all of the following except

a. shortening of ligaments
b. OA
c. RA
d. ankylosing spondylitis
e. leg length discrepancy

A

leg length discrepancy

57
Q

List all the contributing factors to a pelvis that moves too little

A 
OA 
RA
shortening of ligaments 
decreased function
ankylosing spondylitis
58
Q

A patient demonstrates with a vague, posterior local ache and limited motion of the pelvis, what dysfunction could be causing this?

a. OA
b. intraarticular
c. ligaments
d. ankylosing spondylitis

A

ligaments

59
Q

A patient presents with deep, posterior pain and some groin pain, what dysfunction of the SIJ could be causing this?

a. OA
b. intraarticular
c. ligaments
d. ankylosing spondylitis

A

intraarticular

60
Q

Which of the following will irritate a patient whos SIJ moves too little?

a. unloading
b. little movement
c. rest
d. loading

A

loading

61
Q

Aggs of SIJ that moves too little

A 
strain on joint and ligaments 
prolonged loading
rotational tasks 
morning pain due to OA
sitting, going up steps, standing
62
Q

All of the following irritate an SIJ that moves too little except

a. loading
b. rotation
c. little movement
d. sitting

A

little movement

63
Q

Eases of SIJ that moves too little

A

little bit of movement
stop straining task
unloading

64
Q

an SIJ that moves too much can be due to

A 
hormonal 
pregnancy 
leg length discrepancy 
lumbar surgery 
hip OA 
ligamentous laxity
trauma 
scoliosis
excessive lumbar lordosis
lumbar spine degeneration 
ankylosing spondylitis
65
Q

A SIJ that moves too much can be due to any of the following except

a. pregnancy
b. leg length
c. OA
d. trauma
e. aging

A

aging

66
Q

An SIJ that moves too much can be due to any of the following except

a. lumbar surgery
b. laxity
c. stiffness
d. shortening of ligaments
e. sacroiliitis

A

shortening of ligaments

67
Q

What is increased with hormones and pregnancy?

A

ptosin levels
laxity of SIJ ligaments
lumbar lordosis

68
Q

Sacroiliitis causes _ _ from adjacent joints

A

increased stiffness

69
Q

Which of the following can cause increased stiffness from adjacent joints?

a. increased pstosin levels
b. lumbar degeneration
c. lumbar lordosis
d. leg length

A

lumbar degeneration

70
Q

All of the following cause increased stiffness from adjacent joints except?

a. scoliosis
b. lumbar lordosis
c. degeneration
d. OA
e. ankylosing spondylitis

A

lumbar lordosis

71
Q

Increased stiffness from adjacent joints can be due to

A 
lumbar surgery
hip OA 
scoliosis 
lumbar spine degeneration 
ankylosing spondylitis
72
Q

Sacroiliitis can be caused by

A 
hormones 
increased stiffness from adjacent joints 
bilateral THA/stiffness
l-spine aging 
trauma
sport 
ligament laxity 
leg length discrepancy
73
Q

this is defined as the SIJ moving too much

A

sacroliitis

74
Q

Aggs of sacroiliitis

A 
loading
movement - transitional 
later in the day 
after prolonged WB 
extension
cough/sneeze
75
Q

Which of the following would irritate a patient with sacroiliits?

a. flexion
b. loading
c. side bending
d. prone

A

loading

76
Q

All of the following irritate patients with sacroiliits except?

a. loading
b. transitional movements
c. extension
d. flexion
e. cough

A

flexion

77
Q

Which of the following would irritate a patient with sacroiliitis?

a. flexion
b. prolonged WB
c. supine
d. rotation

A

prolonged WB

78
Q

Eases of sacroiliitis

A 
rest
unloading
stabilization
flexion
muscle-energy
79
Q

What is the gold standard for sacroiliac joint pain?

a. mobilization
b. manual therapy
c. exercise
d. anesthetic block

A

anesthetic block

80
Q

The sacroiliac joint is a synovial joint with abundant innervation and capability of being a source of low back pain and referred pain in the lower extremity (true/false)

A

true

81
Q

What is the type of symptoms patients experience with SIJ dysfunction?

a. deep, burning ache
b. referring, tingling, numbness
c. localized, sharp, stabbing or dull, throbbing ache
d. localized deep and burning ache

A

localized, sharp, stabbing or dull, throbbing ache

82
Q

Symptoms of SIJ dysfunction are (bilateral/unilateral)

A

unilateral

83
Q

Referral patterns for the SIJ are most commonly in the

a. lumbar
b. below the knee
c. groin
d. buttock
e. into LE

A

buttock

84
Q

SIJ shows neurological symptoms (true/false)

A

false

85
Q

Most research indicates none of the provocation tests alone have significant sensitivity or specificity (true/false)

A

true

86
Q

Provocation tests can be used with good validity (true/false)

A

false

87
Q

A patient demonstrates with a SIJ that moves too much, what is the best treatment?

a. unilateral PA
b. anterior innominate manipulation
c. steroid injection
d. stabilization

A

stabilization

88
Q

A patient demonstrates with a SIJ that moves too much, what is the best treatment?

a. central PA
b. taping
c. rotational manipulation
d. rotation mobilization

A

taping

89
Q

What treatments can be used for SIJ that moves too much?

A

mechanics
treat above and below
unstiff
stabilization

90
Q

What treatments can be used for SIJ that moves too little?

A

mobilization

manipulation

91
Q

Which of the following is the best treatment for SIJ that moves too little?

a. stabilization
b. unilateral PA mobs
c. orthotics
d. mobilization to the hip

A

unilateral PA mobs

92
Q

Which of the following is the best treatment for SIJ that moves too little?

a. central PA mobs
b. mobs to lumbar spine
c. taping
d. addressing leg length discrepency

A

central PA mobs

93
Q

sciatic nerve symptoms are due to

A

piriformis syndrome

94
Q

in piriformis syndrome pain is (local/distal)

A

local

95
Q

A patient presents with trigger points, deep buttock pain, local pain, and altered neurodynamics. What could they be diagnosed with?

a. SIJ dysfunction
b. facet joint pain
c. stenosis
d. piriformis syndrome

A

piriformis syndrome

96
Q

A positive test for seated slump or SLR could indicate

A

piriformis syndrome

97
Q

Which of the following treatments is the best for piriformis syndrome?

a. stabilization
b. hip mobilization
c. manipulation
d. trigger point therapy

A

trigger point therapy

98
Q

What are some treatment options for piriformis syndrome?

A 
stretches
soft tissue treatment 
trigger point therapy 
neurodynamics 
spinal mobilization or spinal manipulation
99
Q

Symptoms of SIJ can follow a _ dermatome

a. L5 myotome
b. L4 dermatome
c. S1 dermatome
d. S2 dermatome

A

S2 dermatome

100
Q

What type of mobilization treatment should be used for SIJ that moves too little?

A

unilateral PA
central PA
rotation

101
Q

What type of manipulation should be used for SIJ that moves too little?

A

anterior innominate

rotational

102
Q

Mechanical pressure on the sciatic nerve creates _

a. pain
b. tingling
c. numbness
d. ache

A

numbness

103
Q

What is indicated for lumbar traction in a stenosis patient?

A

presence of leg symptoms
signs of nerve root compression
and either peripheralization with extension or crossed SLR

104
Q

Signs of nerve root compression and either _ with extension or _ SLR is indicated for _ treatment

A

peripheralization
crossed
stenosis

105
Q

What makes a patient a good candidate for lumbar traction?

A

presence of leg symptoms
signs of nerve root compression
and either peripheralization with extension or crossed SLR

106
Q

Stabilization is indicated for stenosis (true/false)

A

true

it opens the space

107
Q

An injection is indicated for stenosis (true/false)

A

true

108
Q

Which SIJ ligament helps with stability?

a. dorsal sacral ligament
b. interosseous ligament
c. anterior sacroiliac ligament
d. sacrotuberous ligament

A

sacrotuberous ligament

109
Q

What type of pain is produced with a referral from SIJ?

A

diffuse

110
Q

What absorbs the majority of LE rotation?

A

SIJ

111
Q

A vague, posterior local ache is consistent with

A

ligaments causing SIJ moves too much

112
Q

Deep, posterior pain and possible groin pain is consistent with

A

intraarticular causing SIJ moves too much

113
Q

The synovial joint of the SIJ can be a source of LBP and referred pain in the LE (true/false)

A

true

114
Q

Which ligament is weak and thin?

a. dorsal sacral ligament
b. interosseous ligament
c. anterior sacroiliac ligament
d. sacrotuberous ligament

A

anterior sacroiliac

115
Q

Which SI ligament is strong, deep and posterior to the SI ligament?

a. dorsal sacral ligament
b. interosseous ligament
c. anterior sacroiliac ligament
d. sacrotuberous ligament

A

interosseous ligament

116
Q

Which ligament connects the innominate to the sacrum?

a. dorsal sacral ligament
b. interosseous ligament
c. anterior sacroiliac ligament
d. sacrotuberous ligament

A

interosseous ligament

117
Q

Which SI ligament resists anterior and inferior movement?

a. dorsal sacral ligament
b. interosseous ligament
c. anterior sacroiliac ligament
d. sacrotuberous ligament

A

interosseous ligament

118
Q

Which SI ligament connects the PSIS to the sacrum?

a. dorsal sacral ligament
b. interosseous ligament
c. anterior sacroiliac ligament
d. sacrotuberous ligament

A

dorsal sacral ligament

119
Q

Which SI ligament is tough, strong and feels like a bone?

a. dorsal sacral ligament
b. interosseous ligament
c. anterior sacroiliac ligament
d. sacrotuberous ligament

A

dorsal sacral ligament

120
Q

Does smoking and diet affect spinal stenosis?

A

yes

MS II (17 decks)

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