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Pan-Canadian Exam TCM > Foundations > Flashcards

Foundations Flashcards

1
Q

4 Pillars of TCM

A
  1. Inspection
  2. Inquiry
  3. Auscultation and Olfaction
  4. Palpation
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2
Q

Yin

A
  1. Interior
  2. Deficient
  3. Cold
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3
Q

Yang

A
  1. Exterior
  2. Excess
  3. Hot
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4
Q

Four law of yin and yang

A
  1. Opposition: When yin predominates, yang will be diseased, when yang predominates, yin will be diseased
  2. Inter-dependence: Yin remains inside to act as a guard for yang, and yang stays outside to act as a servant for yin
  3. Inter-consuming- supporting: Consumption of yin leading to gaining of yang
  4. Inter-transformation: Extreme yin will produce yang, extreme yang will produce yin
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5
Q

Functions of Qi

A
  1. Transforming
  2. Transporting
  3. Holding
  4. Raising
  5. Protecting
  6. warming
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6
Q

Examples of transforming

A

-Spleen Qi transforms food into food Qi
- Heart Qi transforms food into Qi/Blood with help of Lung Qi

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7
Q

Examples of transporting

A

-Spleen Qi transports food Qi
- Liver Qi transports Qi upwards, downwards, and outwards in all directions

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8
Q

Examples of holding

A

-Spleen qi hold blood in the vessels
-Lung Qi holds sweat in the pores

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9
Q

Examples of raising

A

-Spleen Qi raises the organs
-Kidney Qi rises upwards

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10
Q

Examples of protecting

A

-Lung Qi protects through wei Qi

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11
Q

Examples of Warming

A
  • spleen yang warms the digestion
    -kidney yang warms the body
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12
Q

Qi disfunctions

A
  1. Xu
  2. Stagnation
  3. Rebellious
  4. Sinking
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13
Q

Examples of Xu

A

Lung, spleen, heart, kidney can easily become xu

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14
Q

Examples of stagnation

A

Most often caused by injury or lack of movement in the lung, heart, or liver

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15
Q

examples of Rebellious

A

Lung and stomach can easily have rebellious Qi

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16
Q

Examples of Sinking

A

Organs, vessels, and spleen can all be affected.

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17
Q

Organs related to blood and their functions

A
  1. Lungs: Helps spleen send food qi to the heart, infuses Qi into the blood vessels
  2. Heart: Governs blood, responsible for blood circulation
  3. Spleen: Makes food Qi which is the basis of blood, holds blood in vessels
  4. Liver: Store blood, nourishes muscles and tendons, supplies blood to uterus
  5. Kidneys: Original/ Yuan Qi helps transform food qi to blood
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18
Q

Functions of blood

A
  1. Nourishing: Head hair and nail growth
  2. Moistening: Body tissues
    3.Basis for mental activity: Anchors shen
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19
Q

Blood dysfunctions

A
  1. Deficiency: Heart and liver xu most common
  2. Stasis: can be from injury, organs affected heart, liver, large intestine, stomach, uterus
  3. Heat in the blood: orans involved heart/liver, can affect the uterus
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20
Q

Qi stagnation pain vs Blood stasis pain

A

Qi: More distention than pain
Moves around
Doesn’t typically show on the tongue

Blood: More stabbing than distention
Fixed pain
Purple or purple prickles on the tongue

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21
Q

Spleens relation to body fluids

A

-Initial transformation and separation into pure and impure
-Is always treated for any body fluid disorder

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22
Q

Lungs relation to body fluids

A

-Dispersion of the pure to the cou li
-Sends some fluids to the kidneys and bladder to regulate the water passages

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23
Q

Kidneys relation to body fluids

A

-Sends fluids back up to moisten the lungs
-Keeps the spleen yang warm from kidney yang for fluid transformation
-Helps the small intestine separate fluids

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24
Q

Body fluid functions

A
  1. Nourish muscles and orifices
  2. Moisten skin and joints
  3. Strengthen brain and marrow
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25
Q

Jin

A

-Clear and light
- Under the control of the lungs
-Distributed on the muscular surface (circulate with the defensive/ wei Qi)
- Nourish muscles, moistens skin
-Sweat, tears, saliva and mucous

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26
Q

Ye

A

-Thick and heavy
-Under the control of the spleen and kidneys
-Stored in the joints and spine, sense organ orifices
-Strengthen brain and marrow

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27
Q

Damp

A

-Heavy, dirty, sticky
-Flows downward
-Interior or exterior condition
- Feeling of heaviness
- Spleen points targeted in acupuncture
-No affect on the mind
- Mostly affects the organs and joints
- Interior dampness caused by spleen dysfunction
-Affects mostly yang organs and spleen

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28
Q

Phlegm

A
  • Thicker and stickier
  • Can be anywhere
  • Interior conditions only
    -Feeling of dizziness, obstruction in throat, oppression in the chest
    -Stomach points targeted in acupuncture
  • Can mist the mind, cause intellectual disability, or mental-emotional concerns
  • Substantial: Phlegm in lungs
  • Insubstantial: channels (numbness), under skin, misting mind, nerve ganglia, lymph, thyroid
  • can be caused by action of fire on the body fluids
    -Affects mostly yin organs+ stomach
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29
Q

Different types of phlegm

A

Wind-phlegm- Wind stroke
Phlegm-heat- Lung, Stomach, heart
Cold-phlegm- Lung, stomach
Damp-phlegm- Lung
Qi-Phlegm- Qi stagnation: appears and disappears with mood (Plum-pit Qi)
Phlegm Fluids- Watery, thin, Splashing sounds

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30
Q

Definition of essence

A

Essence is a constitution candle, vitality, resistance to disease, bone development/ retention and mental development(in children and in old age)

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31
Q

What is pre-heaven essence

A

The blending of sexual energies of man and woman formed before bith.

Used to nourish fetus during pregnancy (fetus is affected by the kidneys of the mother during pregnancy)

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32
Q

What is post heaven essence

A

Essences produced by the spleen and Stomach after birth

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33
Q

What is kidney essence

A

-Mostly derived from parents before birth
-combination of pre-heaven essence and post heaven essence
-Considered an aspect of kidney yin
-Basis for kidney Qi

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34
Q

What are the 4 functions of kidney essence?

A
  1. Governs growth, preproduction, development
  2. Basis for Kidney QI
  3. Produces Marrow
  4. Constitutional Weakness
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35
Q

Kidney Essence Dysfunction

A
  1. Developmental/intellectual disability disorders
  2. Kidney Disorders
  3. Marrow disorders
  4. Constitutional weakness
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36
Q

The three treasure

A

Jing
Qi
Shen

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37
Q

Characteristics of Jing

A

-kidneys
-earth
-Distribution by the 8 extra vessels
-Lower dantian

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38
Q

Characteristics of Qi

A

-Day to day
-person
-middle dantian

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39
Q

Characteristics of shen

A

-Spirit
-Heaven
-Upper dantian

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40
Q

Yin organ relationship

A

Lungs and heat- Qi and blood
Heart and liver- Blood
Heart and Kidneys- Fire and water
Liver and Lungs- Qi and blood
Liver and spleen- Qi and digestion
Liver and Kidneys- Exchange of blood and Jing
Spleen and lungs- Assist each other
Spleen and kidneys- Mutual nourishment

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41
Q

______ governs blood, _______ governs Qi, this is a Qi and blood relationship

A

Heart, Lungs
Qi and blood relationship

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42
Q

Why are Qi and blood interdependent?

A

Blood nourishes Qi, and Qi pushes blood

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43
Q

Heart _____ the blood, but relies on _______ to assist.

A

Moves, Lungs

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44
Q

Lungs produce ____ and _____ Qi

______ Qi flows with the ______ and the vessels.

A

Ying and wei

Ying, blood

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45
Q

Heart and lung Qi connect via

A

the zong (chest) Qi

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46
Q

What happens to heart Qi when lung Qi is deficient, and what are the symptoms

A

Heart Qi becomes stagnant, which can lead to stagnation of blood of the heart.
Symptoms include heart palpitations, blue lips, and chest pains.

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47
Q

What can excessive heart fire do to lungs and what are the symptoms?

A

It can dry the lung fluids and cause dry cough, dry nose, and thirst.

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48
Q

Heart ____ Blood, Liver ______ Blood and regulates its ________

A

Governs, store and regulates

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49
Q

If heart blood is deficient how does this affect liver?

A

Disrupts livers ability to regulate blood (dizziness and excessive daydreaming)

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50
Q

Deficient liver blood can also cause…

A

deficient heart blood (heart palpitations and insomnia)

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51
Q

Heart stores ______, liver rules smooth flowing of _______.

A

Shen, emotions

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52
Q

__________ and __________ mutually support each other. Weak ________ and ________ may lead to depression and anxiety. or when _______ stagnates, this constrains _______ and can weaken ________.

A

Shen and emotions, heart and shen, Liver- emotions-shen.

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53
Q

Heart yang _______ to warm kidney _____, while kidney yin _______, to nourish heart ______.

A

descends, yin, ascends, yang.

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54
Q

If kidney yin cannot transform fluids they will over flows upwards to ______

A

Heart

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55
Q

What happens when kidney yin cannot rise to nourish heart?

A

Over active heart fire (mental restlessness, insomnia, agitation)

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56
Q

Heart and kidneys are the common root of what?

A

Shen and essence.

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57
Q

The heart houses ______, while the kidneys stores ______

A

shen, jing

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58
Q

Shen is the external manifestations of?

A

Jing, as its derived from jing

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59
Q

What is the foundation for Shen?
What nourishes shen?

A

Prenatal jing, Postnatal jing

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60
Q

Normal mental activity needs jing, without it symptoms can include…

A

Lack of vitality, willpower, and self confidence.

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61
Q

Lungs ______ Qi, and the liver regulates and stores ______.

A

Qi, blood.

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62
Q

Liver relies on ______ to regulate blood and the lungs rely on ______ to smoothly move Qi.

A

lung qi, liver qi

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63
Q

Liver Qi and _____ the chest, and interfere with the _______ function of descending

A

stagnate, lungs

symptoms: cough, dyspnea, asthma

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64
Q

Stagnation of liver Qi can cause?

A

Liver fire to rise and injure lung yin (hypochondriac pain, coughing, blood, pain on breathing)

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65
Q

Liver aids spleen in what?

A

Healthy digestion, it ensure smooth flow of bile which aids digestion.

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66
Q

Kidney jing contributes to the making of what?

A

Blood! (bone marrow)

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67
Q

Kidney jing xu may lead to?

A

Blood deficiency

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68
Q

Kidney yin fails to nourish liver yin causes?

A

Liver yang hyperactivity

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69
Q

Spleen extracts ______qi and sends it to the _____, where it combines with air and becomes _____ Qi

A

Food, lungs, zong

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70
Q

Spleen relies on lungs ________ _________ to assist in the transformation and transportation of food (pumping action)

A

descending function

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71
Q

Lung also assists spleen in the transportation of

A

body fluids

When in dysfunction can cause edema

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72
Q

When spleen Qi is Xu

A

Production of qi is impaired

tiredness, weakness of limbs, breathlessness, weak voice

can also cause phlegm in lungs

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73
Q

Spleen is the root of

A

post heaven Qi

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74
Q

Kidneys are the root of

A

pre-heaven Qi

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75
Q

Most important organ post heaven essence

A

Spleen

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76
Q

Where is post and pre-heaven essence stored?

A

The kidneys

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77
Q

Which Qi provides the necessary energy for the transformation and transportation of the substances and formation of Qi?

A

Original Qi from the kidneys prenatal essence

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78
Q

Wen spleen Qi is weak body fluids cannot be transformed and transported and accumulate to form…

A

Dampness

This can affect kidneys function causing more dampness and edema.

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79
Q

When kidney yang is deficient there is not enough heat to transform fluids, this causes….

A

dampness or edema, chilliness, diarhea

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80
Q

Lungs send Qi and fluids down to the?

A

Kidneys! Kidneys hold down the Qi, evaporate some of the fluids, and then send the vapor back up to the lungs to moisten them. Lungs then send the fluids to the skin.

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81
Q

What does the lung function of governing Qi and respiration rely on?

A

Kidney function of receiving Qi.

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82
Q

What happens when Kidney Qi is weak and cannot hold down Qi?

A

It invades lung and causes asthma, cough, dyspnea.

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83
Q

Spleen provides _______ for the formation of blood

A

Food

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84
Q

What does deficient spleen Qi lead to?

A

Deficient blood, which causes heart blood to be deficient

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85
Q

What are the 6 pathogenic factors?

A

1.wind
2. Cold
3. Summer heat
4. Damp
5. Dryness
6. Fire

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86
Q

Wind is the _______ of ________

A

Qi of spring

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87
Q

What organ does wind affect first?

A

Lungs

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88
Q

Wind is _____ in nature

A

Yang (moving)

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89
Q

What does wind do in the body?

A
  1. arises quickly and suddenly
  2. can cause symptoms to move around the body
  3. Can cause shaking, convulsions, stiffness, or paralysis
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90
Q

Cold is the ______ of _______

A

Qi of winter

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91
Q

Cold is _____ in nature and consumes _________

A

Yin, yang

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92
Q

What does cold do in the body?

A

Contracts and obstructs (stagnates) Qi and blood.
Can affect the abdomen, pores, tendons, and channels.
Can cause pain, aversion to cold, lack of sweating and poor movement

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93
Q

What are the 5 spirits and their organs/functions

A

Shen= Heart: The mind
Yi= Spleen: Thought
Po= Lungs: Corporeal or animal soul
Zhi= Kidney: Willpower
Hun= Liver: Ethereal soul

94
Q

Summer heat is the Qi of?

A

Summer, obvi (only seen in summer)

95
Q

Summer is ______ in nature and injures ______

A

yang, yin

96
Q

Summers affects on the body?

A

-Aversion to heat, sweating, thirst
-Invades the pericardium and cause loss of consciousness and delirium.
- Can combine with high humidity resulting in dampness and summer heat

97
Q

Damp is the Qi of ________

A

Late summer (rainy season between summer and fall)

98
Q

Yin in nature and injures

A

yang

99
Q

What can dampness cause in the body

A

Dizziness, muzziness, heaviness and cloudy discharge
can impair the spleens function

100
Q

Dryness is the Qi of _______

A

Fall

101
Q

Dryness is _______ in nature, and injures ______

A

yang, yin

102
Q

What affects does dryness have on the body?

A

Affects the delicate lung, causing cough with scanty-sticky or bloody sputum.
Causes dry nose, mouth, throat, lips, and constipation.

103
Q

What is fire?

A

Mild heat or fire can be seen in any season

it is yang in nature and consumes yin

104
Q

What affect does fire have in the body?

A

-Causes thirst, sweating, mouth and tongue ulcers, swollen gums and headaches.
- Can disturb the mind causing coma or delirium
- Fire affects the liver channel by depriving tendons and channels of nourishment, which stirs up the liver wind
-Can also cause heat in the blood which leads to bleeding

105
Q

What are the 7 pathogenic emotions?

A

1.Anger
2.Joy
3. worry & pensiveness
4. Sadness and grieving
5. Fear and shock
6. Lifestyle
7. Overwork

106
Q

How does anger affect qi and which organ?

A

Causes Qi to rise
Liver

107
Q

How does joy affect Qi, and which organ?

A

Causes Qi to slow
Affects the heart

108
Q

How does worry affect qi and which organ?

A

Causes Qi to stagnate/knots Qi
Affects the spleen and can affect the lungs

109
Q

How does sadness affect Qi and which organ?

A

Sadness causes Qi to dissolve/consumes QI
Affects the lung

110
Q

How does fear affect Qi and which organ?

A

Fear causes Qi to descend
kidneys

111
Q

Which three organs are most affected by emotions?

A

Heat, liver, and spleen

112
Q

What can the 5 emotions turn into?

A

Fire from empty heat

113
Q

Examples of improper lifestyle

A

-lack or exercise
-poor diet (overeating, too much cold/heat/damp foods)
-Unclean foods

114
Q

Examples of overexertion?

A

-Mental- depletes spleen, stomach, and kidneys
- Physical- depletes spleen

115
Q

Excessive use of the eyes injures?

A

Blood (heart)

116
Q

Excessive lying down injures?

A

Qi (lungs)

117
Q

Excessive sitting injures?

A

Muscles(spleen)

118
Q

Excessive standing injures?

A

Bones (kidney)

119
Q

Excessive exercise injures?

A

Sinews (Liver)

120
Q

Strengthen yin to control _______

A

Yang

121
Q

Strengthen yang to control _______

A

Yin

122
Q

What do you strengthen with a weak patient who has a weak pathogen?

A

Antipathogenic Qi (wei)

123
Q

How do you help a patient with a strong constitution and a strong pathogen?

A

Eliminate the pathogen first

124
Q

How do you treat a weak patient with a strong pathogen?

A

Strengthen antipathogenic Qi (wei) and eliminate the pathogen at the same time.

125
Q

Ben biao

If the symptoms are not severe what do you treat first?

A

The root

126
Q

Ben biao

If the symptoms are severe or acute what should be treated first?

A

The symptoms, and the root later.

127
Q

Ben biao

If both the symptoms and the root cause are severe what should be treated first?

A

Both at the same time

128
Q

What factors should be considered when creating a treatment?

A
  1. Weather
  2. Season
  3. Age
  4. Biological sex
  5. Constitution
129
Q

What should we look at for inspection?

A

1.shen
2. Complexion
3. facial areas
4. Eyes
5. ears
6. Nose
7. Teeth and gums
8. Mouth
9. Throat
10. Hair
11. Skin
12. Digital venules
13. body shape

130
Q

Shen includes?

A

Eyes
State of mind
Breathing

131
Q

What to look for complextion?

A

-Bright/dark/dry/colour?

132
Q

Black complexion is?

A

Kidney pattern, or cold pain

133
Q

Green complexion is?

A

Interior cold, interior wind, liver pattern

134
Q

Red complexion is?

A

Heat, excess or deficiency

135
Q

Yellow complexion is?

A

Spleen xu, dampness

136
Q

White or pale complexion is?

A

Xu, cold, blood xu, yang xu

137
Q

Facial areas

Liver
Heart
Spleen
Lung
Kidney

A

Liver- Left cheek
Heart- Forehead
Spleen- Nose
Lung- Right cheek
Kidney- Chin

138
Q

Eye areas

Liver
Heart
spleen and stomach
Lung
Kidney

A

Liver- Iris
Heart- Inner and outer canthus
spleen and stomach- upper and lower eyelid
Lung- sclera
Kidney- pupil

139
Q

What are you looking for on the ears?

A

Bright and moist vs dark and dry, earlobes, and colour.

140
Q

What does a long full earlobe signify?

A

Healthy kidneys

141
Q

What does white ears signify?

A

Cold

142
Q

What does blue/black ears signify?

A

Pain

143
Q

hat does withered and black ears signify?

A

Kidney Qi xu

144
Q

Nose inspection?

A

bright and moist vs dry and dark/colour/ discharge

145
Q

White nose?

A

Blood xu

146
Q

Yellow nose?

A

dampness

147
Q

Red nose

A

Heat in lung and spleen

148
Q

Grey nose?

A

accumulation of fluid

149
Q

Tip of nose is green or blue?

A

Abdominal pain

150
Q

Clear watery discharge from nose?

A

Cold

151
Q

Thick-yellow discharge from nose?

A

Heat

152
Q

Parts of teeth and gums

Teeth
Upper gums
lower gums

A

Teeth- kidneys
upper gums- Stomach
Lower gums- LI

153
Q

Colours of gums

Pale
Red
Bleeding

A

Pale- Blood xu
Red- Stomach heat
Bleeding- Stomach fire

154
Q

Colors for inspection of the mouth?

A

Pale- Blood xu, yang xu
Blue- Blood stasis
dry and red- Heat with injury to BF

155
Q

Throat indications

redness and swelling
Sore and dry

A

redness and swelling- wind-heat invasion or stomach fire
Sore and dry- kidney yin xu heat

156
Q

Hair relates to ____ _____

A

Kidney esence

157
Q

Hair growth is related to _______

A

Blood

158
Q

Thickness and sheen of hair relates to

A

Lung Qi

159
Q

Skin relates to ______

A

Lung

160
Q

Skin conditions are usually

A

Heat in the blood

161
Q

Dry skin=

A

Blood xu

162
Q

itchy skin=

A

wind

163
Q

Weeping skin=

A

dampness

164
Q

Veins:
red
blue
green

A

red- heat
blue- cold
green- pain

165
Q

Digital venules are?

gate of Wind
gate of Qi
gate of Life

A

The three gates on the index finger

gate of Wind- mild epf
gate of Qi- more severe disease
gate of Life- serious life threatening

166
Q

What are the three gates (Wind QI, life used for?

A

Diagnosing children under the age of two.

167
Q

How do you diagnose using the digital venules

A

Rub the finger towards the body, red veins indicate heat, blue indicates cold

168
Q

Body shape inspection

wood
fire
metal
earth
water

A

wood- slender and tall body shape
fire- pointed head and chin, small hands, curly or small amount of hair
metal- square and broad shoulders, strong body type, and triangle face shape
earth- large head, larger body and belly, strong legs, and a wide jaw
water- round face and body with a longer than normal torso

169
Q

Components of auscultation and olfaction

A

Speech
5 element voice sounds
breathing
Cough
smelling

170
Q

Loud course voice

A

Excess

171
Q

Weak and feeble voice

A

deficiency

172
Q

Sudden loss of voice

A

Invasion of wind heat

173
Q

Gradual loss of voice

A

lung Qi xu or lung yin xu

174
Q

5 element voice sounds

Liver-
Heart-
Spleen-
Lung-
Kidney-

A

Liver- shouting
Heart- laughing
Spleen- singing
Lung- crying
Kidney- groaning

175
Q

What to look for breathing?

A

Loud and coarse breathing- excess
Weak and feeble breathing- deficiency

176
Q

What to look for cough?

A

Loud/barking- excess
Weak is xu
Dry cough with no sputum is a lung yin xu

177
Q

Smells and related organ

Liver-
Heart-
Spleen-
Lung-
Kidney-
Strong foul smell-
absence of smell
bad breath-

A

Liver- Rancid
Heart- burned
Spleen- sweet
Lung- rank
Kidney- putrid
Strong foul smell- heat
absence of smell- cold
bad breath- heat in the stoamch

178
Q

What to look for during inquiry

A
  1. chills/fever
  2. perspiration
  3. headache
    4.dizziness
  4. tinnitus
  5. eyes
    Appetite, thirst and drink
  6. urination/defecation
  7. Pain
  8. sleep
  9. Menses/ Leukorrhea
    11.pregnancy
  10. childbirth
179
Q

Causes of chills or fever

A

-wind cold
- wind heat
-shao yang
- low grade fever
-Constant low grade fever

180
Q

Causes of perspiratoin

A

-day= yang xu
-night= yin xu or damp heat
-Whole body= Lung Qi xu
-5 palm heat- yin xu
-Excess= no sweating
-xu= slight sweating (in an exterior pattern)

181
Q

If a headache is recent it is _____, if it is gradually onset it is______

A

Exterior, interior

182
Q

Headache in the day time is _______, headache in the night is causes by _____

A

qi or yang xu, yin or blood xu

183
Q

Headache pain type

Heavy
inside
throbbing
particular point

A

Heavy- dampness
inside- kidney xu
throbbing- liver yang rising
particular point- blood stasis

184
Q

Tai yang headache

A

wind cold or kidney xu

185
Q

shao yang headache

A

wind cold, wind heat or liver gallbladder fire

186
Q

GV20

A

Liver blood xu

187
Q

whole head headache

A

wind cold or dampness

188
Q

Dizziness

recent
gradual

A

recent- excess
gradual- xu

wind, fire, phlegm, and xu

189
Q

tinnitus

A

recent- excess (liver)
gradual- xu (kidneys)

high pitch- Liver fire/yang rising/wind

Low pitch- kidney xu

190
Q

pain redness and swilling of the eyes.

A

Wind-heat, liverfire (possible lung heat)

191
Q

Blurred vision, floaters

A

Liver blood xu

192
Q

Pressure or dryness in eyes

A

kidney yin xu

193
Q

Poor appetite is caused by

A

Spleen Qi Xu

194
Q

Increased appetite is caused by

A

stomach heat or fire

195
Q

Hunger with no desire to eat is caused by

A

stomach yin xu

196
Q

thirst

A

yin xu, or bf xu

197
Q

no thirst

A

cold

198
Q

thirst with no desire to drink

A

dampness

199
Q

Tastes in the mouth

sour-
bitter-
sweet-
Pungent-
salty-
inability to taste-

A

sour- heat in liver and ST
bitter- Heart or liver fire
sweet- spleen xu, or damp heat
pungent- lung heat
salty- Kidney yin xu
inability to taste- Spleen xu

200
Q

Urination

Incontinence-
Retention-
frequent-
reduced amount-
pale-
dark-
cloudy-

A

Incontinence- Kidney xu
Retention- damp-heat in the UB
frequent and large- kidney yang xu
reduced amount- kidney yin xu
pale- cold
dark- heat
cloudy- dampness

201
Q

Stools

constipation and dry-
consumption of fluids and constipation with pain-
loose stool-
alternating constipation and diarrhea-
Undigested food-
mucous-
blood in stool-

A

constipation and dry- heat
consumption of fluids and constipation with pain- cold, yang xu
loose stool- spleen qi xu, dampness
alternating constipation and diarrhea- liver qi stag
Undigested food- spleen and kidney yang xu
mucous- dampness
blood in stool- spleen qi xu, heat in blood

202
Q

What are 7 causes of pain?

A
  1. EPF
  2. Internal heat
  3. interior cold
  4. blood stasis
  5. Qi stagnation
  6. Phlegm obstruction
  7. Food retention
203
Q

Types of pain/cause?

Distending-
Prickling/stabbing-
Heavy-
Colicky-
Pulling-
Burning-
Dull/cold-
Hollow-
Worse with Pressure-
Alleviated by pressure-

A

Distending- Qi stag
Prickling/stabbing- Blood stasis
Heavy- Dampness
Colicky- Qi obstruction
Pulling- Liver wind
Burning- Yin fire, xu fire
Dull/cold- excess cold or xu
Hollow- Blood Xu
Worse with Pressure- Shi
Alleviated by pressure- Xu

204
Q

Inability to fall asleep with heart palpitations and dizziness?

A

Heart blood xu

205
Q

Dream disturbed sleep

A

Heart or liver fire

206
Q

Shortened menses with large amount, deep, thick.

A

Heat in the bloof

207
Q

Shortened cycle, large amount, light-watery, thin

A

Qi not holding blood

208
Q

Blood clotting menses

A

Cold (small clots, like rice), or blood stasis (larger clots)

209
Q

Irregular menses cycle

A

Liver Qi stagnation

210
Q

Pre menstrual pain

pain relieved by heat?

Relived by Pressure?

A

Qi or blood stasis

Cold

Qi and blood xu

211
Q

White watery leukorrhea?

Yellow thick?

A

cold from spleen or kidney yang xu
Exterior damp
liver Qi stagnation
Damp-heat

212
Q

discharge and fluids: Typically clear in colour?

A

Cold and xu

213
Q

Turbid and yellow leukorrhea?

A

Heat and excess

214
Q

Infertility cause?

A

Blood xu, or kidney essence xu
damp-heat in the lower burner
blood stasis in the uterus

215
Q

Miscarriage before 3 months cause?

A

Blood and essence xu

216
Q

Miscarriage after 3 months cause?

A

Liver blood stagnation or sinking spleen Qi.

217
Q

Vomiting during pregnancy cause?

A

Stomach and chong mai xu

218
Q

Nausea and heavy bleeding post delivery?

A

Exhaustion of chong mai

219
Q

Sweating and fever post delivery

A

Exhaustion of Qi and blood

220
Q

Post partum depression

A

Blood xu leading to heart blood xu

221
Q

What are the 5 components of palpation?

A
  1. Skin
  2. Limbs
  3. Hands
  4. Chest and abdomen
  5. Channels and acupoints
222
Q

Pitting edema, lower body

A

yin edema, spleen and kidney yang xu

223
Q

Non-pitting, upper body

A

Yang edema, wind-cold, lung Qi xu, and spleen xi xu

224
Q

Edema on the face and hands

A

lung Qi xu

225
Q

Edema on the abdomen

A

Spleen Qi xu

226
Q

Edema in the legs

A

Kidney yang xu

227
Q

Cold hands and feet

A

liver Qi stagnation, kidney yang xu

228
Q

hot hands and feet

A

Shi or xu heat

229
Q

Upside down baby present on the hands and ears

A

Just a fact

230
Q

Which points can be palpated to conform diagnosis?

A

Front-mu, back shu, lower he sea, yuan source and ashi

Pan-Canadian Exam TCM (10 decks)

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