10: The Ideal Gas Laws

Question 1

Velocity Formula

Answer 1

Velocity = distance/time

Question 2

Acceleration formula

Answer 2

Acceleration = change in velocity/time

Question 3

Potential energy

1) define
2) formula
3) When it is gained

Answer 3

1) The energy of a body by virtue of it’s position above the ground
2) Potential energy = mass x acceleration (gravity) x height
3) as a parcel rises through atmosphere

Question 4

Work for a parcel of air

1) Define
2) Formula

Answer 4

1) Done when air is compressed into a smaller volume or expanded to a large volume
2) work = force x distance

Question 5

The Gas Laws
Name them (6)

Answer 5

Boyle's law (P & V)
Charles's law (V & T)
Gay-Lussac's law (P & T)
Avogadro's law (V & n)
Ideal gas law (P,V,T & n)
Dalton's Law

Question 6

Boyle’s Law

1) Define
2) formula
3) When does it apply

Answer 6

1) Pressure & Volume are inversely related
2) P1 V1 = P2 V2
3) When temperature is constant & no change in amount of gas (n)

Question 7

Charles’s Law

1) Define
2) Formula
3) When does it occur

Answer 7

1) Volume is directly proportional to temperature
2) V1 / T1 = V2 / T2
3) At constant pressure & number of molecules (n)

Question 8

Gay-Lussac’s Law

1) Define
2) Formula
3) When does it applied

Answer 8

1) Pressure is directly proportional to temperature
2) P1 / T1 = P2 / V2
3) At constant volume & number of molecules

Question 9

Avogadro’s Law

1) Formula
2) When it is applied

Answer 9

1) V1 / N1 = V2 / N2

2) Volume of a gas at constant temperature & pressure is proportional to the number of molecules/moles (n)

Question 10

Ideal Gas Law

1) Formula
2) How to get P
3) How to get R
6) What denotes R

Answer 10

1) PV = nRT
2) P = nRT / V
3) PV / nT = R
4) Universal gas constant

Question 11

Universal Gas Constant (R)

Answer 11

287.05 J kg-1 K-1

Question 12

Dalton’s Law

1) Define
2) What is the partial pressure
3) Formula
4) When it is applied

Answer 12

1) Total pressure of a mixture of gases is the sum of the partial pressures of each gas
2) the pressure it would exert if it were the only gas present
3) Pt = (n1 + n2) RT / V
4) When the known of V & T of mixture & n, to find P