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A and P 1 > WEEK 1 > Flashcards

WEEK 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Decrease in size of a cell or organ

A

Atrophy

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2
Q

Atrophy

A

Decrease in size of a cell or organ

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3
Q

Enlargement of cells

A

Hypertrophy

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4
Q

increase in cell number

A

Hyperplasia

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5
Q

abnormal apperance of cells

A

dysplasia

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6
Q

change in type of cell

A

metaplasia

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7
Q

cancerous growth (abnormal proliferation of cells in a tissue , generally forming tumor)

A

Neoplasia

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8
Q

For each of the statement below, indicate which term from question best fits:

a weight-lifter’s skeletal muscle fibers enlarge in response to exercise _________

A

Hyperthrophy

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9
Q

For each of the statement below, indicate which term from question best fits:

Cigarette smoking can lead to a change in the epithelium of the upper airway, from pseudostratified columnar to stratified squamous______

A

Metaplasia

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10
Q

For each of the statement below, indicate which term from question best fits:

a pituitary tumor (_________) can lead to excess levels of adrenocorticotropic hormone, which causes increases in the number of cells in the adrenal cortex Hyperplasia

A

Neoplasia

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11
Q

For each of the statement below, indicate which term from question best fits:

For each of the statement below, indicate which term from question best fits:

a pituitary tumor Neoplasia can lead to excess levels of adrenocorticotropic hormone, which causes increases in the number of cells in the adrenal cortex ________

A

Hyperplasia

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12
Q

For each of the statement below, indicate which term from question best fits:

Repeated gastric reflux can lead to the stratified squamous epithelium of the esophagus to be replaced with simple columnar epithelium _______

A

metaplasia

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13
Q

For each of the statement below, indicate which term from question best fits:

An abnormal pap smear indicated cells from the cervix have abnormal shape

A

dysplasia

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14
Q

For each of the statement below, indicate which term from question best fits:

In males given estrogen , the number of cells in the breast increases, leading to breast enlargement

A

hyperplasia

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15
Q

Indicate to what organ it belongs:

Spinal cord

A

Central nervous

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16
Q

Indicate to what organ it belongs:

Brain

A

Central nervous

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17
Q

Indicate to what organ it belongs:

Muscle (eg quadriceps femoris)

A

muscular system

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18
Q

Indicate to what organ it belongs:

Sensory organs ( eye, ear, etc)

A

Nervous system

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19
Q

Indicate to what organ it belongs:

thyroid gland (butterfly neck)

A

endocrine system

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20
Q

Indicate to what organ it belongs:

Larynx (above trachea)

A

Respiratory

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21
Q

Indicate to what organ it belongs:

Trachea

A

Respiratory system

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22
Q

Indicate to what organ it belongs:

testis

A

reproductive system

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23
Q

Indicate to what organ it belongs:

ovary

A

reproductive system

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24
Q

Indicate to what organ it belongs:

lymph vessel

A

immune system

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25
Q

Indicate to what organ it belongs:

pituitary gland (pea-sized shaped gland in the brain)

A

endocrine system

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26
Q

Indicate to what organ it belongs:

Lymph node

A

immune system

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27
Q

Indicate to what organ it belongs:

Vertebrae

A

muscleskeletal system

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28
Q

Indicate to what organ it belongs:

lung

A

respiratory

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29
Q

Indicate to what organ it belongs:

heart

A

Cardiovascular

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30
Q

Indicate to what organ it belongs:

aorta

A

Cardiovascular

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31
Q

Indicate to what organ it belongs:

artery, vein

A

Cardiovascular

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32
Q

Indicate to what organ it belongs:

large intestine

A

Digestive

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33
Q

Indicate to what organ it belongs:

small intestine

A

Digestive

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34
Q

Indicate to what organ it belongs:

stomach

A

Digestive

35
Q

Indicate to what organ it belongs:

Gall Bladder

A

Digestive

36
Q

Indicate to what organ it belongs:

Liver

A

Digestive

37
Q

Indicate to what organ it belongs:

Adrenal gland (top of kidney)

A

endocrine

38
Q

Indicate to what organ it belongs:

kidney

A

Urinary system

39
Q

Indicate to what organ it belongs:

urethra

A

Urinary system

40
Q

Indicate to what organ it belongs:

ureter

A

Urinary system

41
Q

Indicate to what organ it belongs:

uterus

A

Reproductive

42
Q

Indicate to what organ it belongs:

diaphragm

A

respiratory

43
Q

Indicate to what organ it belongs:

urinary bladder

A

Urinary system

44
Q

Indicate to what organ it belongs:

salivary gland

A

digestive system

45
Q

Indicate to what organ it belongs:

esophagus

A

digestive system

46
Q

Indicate to what organ it belongs:

rib

A

respiratory

47
Q

Indicate to what organ it belongs:

femur

A

skeletal

48
Q

Indicate to what organ it belongs:

spleen

A

immune system

49
Q

Indicate to what organ it belongs:

pancreas

A

digestive system

50
Q

Superior :

A

Toward the head upper or above

51
Q

Inferior (Caudal)

A

Toward the feet (lover or below)

52
Q

anterior (ventral)

A

Front toward the front of the body

53
Q

Posterior (Dorsal)

A

Back toward the back of the body

54
Q

Medial

A

Toward the midline of the body

55
Q

Lateral

A

away from midline

56
Q

Proximal

A

closer to axial

57
Q

Distal

A

Further from the trunk axial

58
Q

superficial

A

closer to the surface of the body

59
Q

deep

A

away from surface of the body

60
Q

sagittal plane that perfectly divides the body down the midline. The prefix “mid” can remind you that it is right down the middle.

A

Midsagittal” or “median” plane

61
Q

Plane is any sagittal plane that does not run perfectly down the midline of the body.

A

“parasagittal”

62
Q

frontal plane (also called coronal plane)

A

is a plane that runs vertically from top to bottom (and left to right), and it divides the body into a front (anterior) portion and a back (posterior) portion.

63
Q

is a plane that runs vertically from top to bottom (and left to right), and it divides the body into a front (anterior) portion and a back (posterior) portion.

A

Frontal plane (coronal plane)

64
Q

only plane that runs horizontally, dividing the body or structure into a top (superior) and bottom (inferior)

A

transverse plane

65
Q

what type of tissue:

cellular, polar attahced avascular , innervated , high regeneration capacity

A

epithelial tissue

66
Q

what type of tissue:

covers surfaces , lines insudes organs and body cavities

A

epithelial cells

67
Q

what type of tissue:

Diverse types, all contain cells , PROTEIN FIVERS, and ground substance

A

connective tissue

68
Q

what type of tissue:

protects, binds together , and support organs

A

connective tissue

69
Q

what type of tissue:

contractile , receives stimulation from nrsvous system and/or endocrine system

A

Muscle tissue

70
Q

what type of tissue:

Facilitates movement of skeleton or organ walls

A

muscle tissue

71
Q

what type of tissue:

Nuerons: excitable high metabolic rate, extreme longevity, nonmiotic

glial cells: nonexcitable , miotic

A

nervous tissue

72
Q

what type of tissue:

Nuerons: control activities, process information

glial cells: support and protect neurons

A

nervous tissue

73
Q

EPITHELIUM TISSUE

once cell layer thick, all cells are tighly bound: all cells attach direclty to the basement membrane

A

simple epithelium

74
Q

EPITHELIUM TISSUE

one layer of flattened cells

A

simple squamous

75
Q

EPITHELIUM TISSUE

one layer of cells about as tall as they are wide

A

simple cuboidal

76
Q

EPITHELIUM TISSUE

once layer of nonciliated cells that are taller than they are wide , cells may contail MICROVILI

A

simple columnar, nonciliated

77
Q

EPITHELIUM TISSUE

one layer of ciliated cells that are taller than they are wide

A

simple columanr , ciliated

78
Q

two or more cell layers thick; only the deepest layer directly attaches to the basement membrane

A

STRATIFIED EPITHELIUM

79
Q

STRATIFIED EPITHELIUM

many layers thick; cells in surface are dead, flat, and filled with protein KERATIN

A

stratified squamous , KERATINIZED

80
Q

STRATIFIED EPITHELIUM

many layers thick; no keratin in cells; surface layers are alive , flat, and moist

A

stratified squamous NONKERATINIZED

81
Q

STRATIFIED EPITHELIUM

two or more layers of cells ; cells in apical layers are cuboidal-shapped

A

strafified cuboidal

82
Q

STRATIFIED EPITHELIUM

two or more layers of cells ; cells in apical layer are columnar-shapped

A

stratified columnar

83
Q

one layers of cells of varying heights; all cells attach to the basement membrane ; ciliated form contains cilia and goblet cells; nonciliated form lacks cilia and goblet cells

A

pseudostratified columnar

84
Q

multiple layers of polyhedral cells (when tissue is relaxed) or flattened cells ( when tissue is distended) some cells may be binucleated

A

transitional

A and P 1 (2 decks)

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