Urban Policies and Regeneration since 1979

Question 1

Overview

Answer 1

Strategies chosen by local or central government to manage development of urban areas and reduce problems
Regeneration has been a key element of urban policy in the UK
Early strategies focused on ‘top down’ economic regeneration
Recognition of a need for a holistic approach tackling economic, social and environmental problems

Question 2

1979-91 (property led initiatives)

Answer 2

Greater emphasis placed on role of the private sector to regenerate inner city areas
Coalition boards set up with people from local business community and were encouraged to buy land, building infrastructure to attract private investment

EG. Enterprise zones, UDC’s

Question 3

1991-97 (partnership schemes and competition led policy)

Answer 3

Greater focus on local leaderships and partnerships between the private sector, local communities and local authority
Focused on tackling social, economic and environmental problems in run down parts of city

EG. City Challenge

Question 4

1997-2000’s (area based initiatives)

Answer 4

Focused upon narrowing the gap in key social and economic indicators between most deprived and rest of the country.
Local authorities were set targets to improve levels of health, education and employment opportunities

EG. New Deal for Communities

Question 5

2011-present (devolving responsibilities to cities)

Answer 5

Bespoke packages of funding and decision making powers negotiated between central government and local authorities
Greater responsibilities for business support, planning and health