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physics specific vocabulary > waves > Flashcards

waves Flashcards

1
Q

2 points for progressive wave (2)

A
  • transfers energy from one point to another

- w/o transferring material

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2
Q

2 points for describe motion of particle on transverse wave (2)

A
  • oscillates

- about equilibrium position perpendicular to centre

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3
Q

amplitude wave definition (2)

A
  • MAXIMUM displacement

- from equilibrium position

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4
Q

if wave superpose and knot on one wave becomes motionless where is knot

A

at node (destructive interference)

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5
Q

what waves are transfers

A

surface of water/water waves/in ripple tank (1)
rope (1)
slinky clearly qualified as transverse (1)
secondary (‘s’) waves (1)

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6
Q

example use polarising filters and why

A

polaroid sunglasses reduced glare

or 3D glasses = enhance viewing

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7
Q

3 ways to increase fundamental frequency of string (1)

A
  • increase tension

- tighten string

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8
Q

when talking about path wave always say

A

returns to equilibrium

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9
Q

for describe nature longtidunal (2)

A

oscillation PARTICLES parallelo to direction of WAVE travel

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10
Q

is light transverse

A

yes

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11
Q

is ultrasound transverse

A

yes (can be longitudinal in fluids) but stick w/ transverse

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12
Q

The sound quality of a portable radio is improved by adjusting the orientation of the aerial.
Which statement is a correct explanation of this improvement?

A

radio waves from transmitter are polarised

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13
Q

relation sound wavelength and light wavelength

A

sound wavelength > light wavelength

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14
Q

how does polarisation provide evidence for transverse waves

A

Polarisation provides ​evidence for the nature of transverse waves​ because polarisation can only occur if a wave’s oscillations are perpendicular to its direction of travel (as they are in transverse waves).

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15
Q

for tube when in antiphase wavelengths are at

A

quietest

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16
Q

6 marker on stationary wave formations

A

(1) a wave and its reflection / waves travelling in opposite directions
meet / interact / overlap / cross / pass through etc
point (1)
• (2) same wavelength (or frequency)
• (3) node − point of minimum or no disturbance
points (3) may come from a diagram but only if the node is written in full and the y-axis is labelled amplitude or displacement
• (4) antinode − is a point of maximum amplitude
point (4) may come from a diagram but only if the antinode is written in full and the y-axis is labelled amplitude or displacement
• (5) node - two waves (always) cancel / destructive interference / 180° phase difference / in antiphase [out of phase is not enough] (of the two waves at the node) [not peak meets trough]
• (6) antinode − reinforcement / constructive interference occurs / (displacements) in phase
• (7) mention of superposition [not superimpose] of the two waves
• (8) energy is not transferred (along in a standing wave).

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17
Q

what to always say in stationary wave at end fo 6 marker

A

energy is not transferred along standing wave

18
Q

what can be said for nodes

A

180 degree phase difference apart

19
Q

for stationary wave when superpose always same

A

same wavelength and freq

20
Q

if motionless

A

stationary wave formed (explain process if 3 marker on motionless knot)

21
Q

how to make second harmonic ( adjust for others) on an instrument (2)

A

lightly) stop (in centre)
pluck or bow

22
Q

to increase / decrease fundmental frequency how to derive

A

from equation

23
Q

what can be said about the space between 2 adjacent nodes on a stationary wave

A

particles rope oscillate in phase

24
Q

for a stationary wave what can be said about particles immediately on either side of node

A

moving in opposite directions

25
Q

conditions for stationary wave

A

same frequency/wavelength not ‘it has same frequency’
moving in opposite directions,
reflected at end of string,
same/similar amplitude
integer no of ½ wavelengths between walls

26
Q

difference progressive and stationary in energy transfer

A

progressive wave, energy is transferred through space (1)

stationary wave, energy is not transferred through space (1)

27
Q

difference progressive stationary in amplitude

A

each point along wave (1)
has same amplitude for progressive wave
but varies for stationary wave (1)

28
Q

diff P + S in phase

A

progressive wave, adjacent points vibrate with different phase (1)
stationary wave, between nodes all particles vibrate in phase
[or there are only two phases] (1)

29
Q

how are stationary waves produced

A

superposition (of progressive waves)
incident wave and reflected wave/wave reflected through
180O/waves travelling in opposite directions
same frequency/wavelength
in same medium.

30
Q

for stationary wave have to say at fixed

A

END not ends

31
Q

how to calculate value for speed transverse wave usage signal generator set up

A

frequency read from signal generator when standing wave produced / use of strobe etc.
measure λ using several loops or full length of string
node → node / each loop = λ / 2
use of c = fλ

32
Q

sunglasses depend on light

A

polarised when reflected from surface

33
Q

comparing motion 2 nodes on stationary string

A

similar freq amplitude and speed ( or pi radians out of phase)

34
Q

using larger tensions = __ Frequency

A

reduce diameter w/ increasing tensions = lower mass per unit length therefore greater frequency

–> every metre has a Lower mass

35
Q

in tension freq length equation what does relationship between 2 variables depend upon

A

other variables being constant - if not constant then explain why values may be diff using equation

36
Q

increase diameter by 2

A

mass increases by 4 (4 x thicker due to square)

37
Q

if it asks for steps taken by scientific COMMUNITY

A

-results published
-method checked repeatable
( community = once published)

38
Q

safety precautions taken while measuring diffraction grating

A
  • don’t look in laser beam

- avoid possibility reflected laser beam

39
Q

3 points on why only transverse waves polarised (3)

A
  • displacement vector perpendicular to energy travel (transverse)
  • longitudinal parallel
  • polarisation restriction displacement vector to 1 plane
40
Q

why can only specific frequency stationary waves form on wire

A

as fixed ends have to be nodes

41
Q

what happens to unpolarised EM wave passing through polariser

A

intensity reduced ( by exactly 1/2)

42
Q

3 conditions for stationary wave

A

Same speed
Moving in opposite directions
same wavelength / same frequency/ similar amplitudes 

physics specific vocabulary (15 decks)

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