The Relationship Between Diet And Health (Advanced Info)

Question 1

What is a balanced diet?

Answer 1

A diet that provides adequate amounts of nutrients and energy

Question 2

Why do we need to eat food in the right balance?

Answer 2

In order for:
Providing the energy we need to survive, to keep us healthy and to help fight disease

Growth and repair of body tissue

All bodily functions, which depend on the energy and trace elements found in the food we eat

Stopping us feeling hungry

Health and well being, since eating is seen as a pleasurable and enjoyable experience

Question 3

What is the Eatwell Guide?

Answer 3

A healthy eating model, to encourage people to eat the correct proportions of food to achieve a balanced diet

Question 4

How many portions of fruit and vegetables should be eaten daily?

Answer 4

5 portions of a variety of fruit and vegetables

Question 5

Fruit and veg are a good source of….

Answer 5

Vitamins, minerals and fibre

Question 6

What proportion should starchy foods make up of the food we eat?

Answer 6

Just over a third of the food we eat should come from starchy foods

Question 7

Starchy foods are a good source of…

Answer 7

Energy, and provide use with other nutrients

Question 8

Foods containing dairy are a good source of…

Answer 8

Protein, calcium for strong bones and some vitamins

Question 9

How much fish should we eat per week?

Answer 9

It is recommended that we eat fish at least twice a week and that one of these is oily fish

Question 10

How much red and processed meat should be eaten per day?

Answer 10

70g per day

Question 11

How much fruit juice/smoothies should be drunk per day?

Answer 11

150ml a day

Question 12

What can reducing the amount of saturated fat in our diet do?

Answer 12

It can:
Reduce the risk of heart disease
Lower blood cholesterol
Reduce the risk of obesity
Prevents cancer

Question 13

How much saturated fat should be eaten everyday?

Answer 13

Men should have no more than 30g

Women should have no more than 20g

Question 14

Reducing the amount of sugar can…

Answer 14

Reduce the risk of obesity and tooth decay

Question 15

What is the recommended maximum free sugars intake for adults?

Answer 15

No more than 30g/day

Question 16

What are free sugars?

Answer 16

They are added to foods and drinks by manufacturers, cooks or consumers and found naturally in honey, syrups and fruit juice

Question 17

Reducing the amount of salt can:

Answer 17

Reduce blood pressure
Reduce the risk of heart disease
Reduce the risk of stroke

Question 18

How much salt should adults consume daily?

Answer 18

No more than 6g per day

Question 19

What are the 8 tips for healthy eating?

Answer 19

Base your meals on starchy foods (preferably wholegrain varieties)

Eat lots of fruit and veg

Eat more fish - aim for 2 portions a week; one of these should be oily

Cut down on saturated fat and sugar

Eat less salt - adults should eat no more than 6g per day

Get active and try to maintain a healthy weight

Don’t get thirsty - drink plenty of water

Don’t skip breakfast

Question 20

Why is being overweight unhealthy?

Answer 20

It puts a strain on the organs of the body.

It can cause heart disease, high blood pressure, diabetes, osteoarthritis, varicose veins, breathlessness and chest infections

It can also cause unhappiness and low self esteem

Question 21

Factors which contribute to the risk of heart disease:

Answer 21

Low levels of exercise
Smoking
Family history of heart disease
High blood pressure
Raised levels of cholesterol
Obesity

Question 22

How is high levels of cholesterol in the blood bad for you?

Answer 22

Cholesterol is a substance made in the liver and carried in the bloodstream.

The cholesterol can build up and be deposited with other material as ‘plaque’ on the walls of the arteries, causing them to narrow.

This can eventually lead to a heart attack as the arteries become blocked by a blood clot or more ‘plaque’

Question 23

How to reduce the risk of heart disease?

Answer 23

Eat a varied diet
Eat more fruit and veg
Eat more starchy carbohydrates
Take regular physical exercise
Don’t smoke
Have fish instead of meat
Use unsaturated fats
Cut back on the fat on your diet and cooking

Question 24

What is type 1 diabetes?

Answer 24

Type 1 diabetes is usually diagnosed in children and is caused by the pancreas not producing enough insulin.

Type 1 diabetics have insulin injections daily and need to have a carefully balanced diet

Question 25

What is type 2 diabetes?

Answer 25

Type 2 diabetes is usually diagnosed with older people. Diets high in sugar can lead to type 2 diabetes.

It is treated with a healthy diet and increased physical activity.

Question 26

What is diverticulitis?

Answer 26

Diverticulitis is a condition which affects the large intestine.

It is often linked to having a diet which is low in fibre. The lining of the bowel becomes inflamed, infected and damaged

Question 27

What are the symptoms of diverticulitis?

Answer 27

Pain and discomfort in the abdomen and feeling bloated

Question 28

When is our bones at their strongest?

Answer 28

Between the ages of 20 and 35, when our peak bone mass is reached

Question 29

What nutrients strengthen our bones?

Answer 29

Calcium, vitamin D and phosphorus

Question 30

What is osteoporosis?

Answer 30

When the bones start the lose minerals and their strength and break easily

Question 31

Tooth decay is caused when….

Answer 31

The bacteria in your mouth feed on the sucrose found in the food you eat to produce an acid. The acid then causes small holes in your teeth (dental cavities)

Question 32

What is anaemia?

Answer 32

A disease caused by the lack of iron in the diet

Question 33

Why does the body need iron?

Answer 33

We need iron as it forms haemoglobin, which gives blood its red colour and carries oxygen round the body to the cells

Question 34

Who is at the most risk of developing anaemia?

Answer 34

Women and children

Question 35

What are the symptoms of anaemia?

Answer 35

Tiredness and lack of energy