11.3

Question 1

autosomal recessive

Answer 1

trait only occurs if someone inherits two copies of the recessive allele

Question 2

autosomal dominant

Answer 2

trait occurs if someone inherits one or two copies of the dominant allele

Question 3

sex linked recessive

Answer 3

trait only occurs if female inherits two copies of the recessive allele or male inherits one copy of recessive allele

Question 4

sex linked dominant

Answer 4

trait only occurs if female inherits one or two copies of the dominant allele or male inherits one dominant allele

Question 5

carrier

Answer 5

-heterozygous for a recessive trait
-doesn’t express trait, but has an allele for it
-if trait is x linked only females can be carrier

Question 6

x inactivation

Answer 6

when one of the x chromosomes of a female is turned into a barr body, can change how a trait is expressed

Question 7

pedigree

Answer 7

family tree that tracks a trait

Question 8

gain function vs loss of function mutation

Answer 8

gain function alters or increases a gene’s function, loss of function mutation reduces or eliminates a gene’s function

Question 9

what’s the phenotype ratio of a cross between a colorblind female x male with normal vision, autosomal recessive

Answer 9

1/2 carrier female
1/2 colorblind male