11.3 Central Nervous System

Question 1

The brain is protected by

Answer 1

skull

Question 2

The spinal cord is protected by

Answer 2

vertebrate

Question 3

The brain and spinal cord are wrapped in ___ protective membranes called _________

Answer 3

3, meninges

Question 4

____________ fills the spaces between

Answer 4

cerebrospinal fluid, meninges, central canal of spinal cord, and ventricles. It also cushions the CNS

Question 5

oxygen and nutrients are delivered to the brain through ________________________________

Answer 5

blood vessels and capillaries

Question 6

A cerebrovascular accident is

Answer 6

a blockage of blood flow to the brain otherwise known as a stroke

Question 7

The boundary between the brain and the spinal cord is where

Answer 7

the first pair of spinal nerves comes off the spinal cord

Question 8

The mature brain has 3 major divisions

Answer 8

hindbrain, midbrain, and forebrain

Question 9

The part of the brain most closely associated with the spinal cord

Answer 9

hindbrain

Question 10

The hindbrain is considered the _______ brain because its parts are well developed in fish and amphibians

Answer 10

primitive

Question 11

The hindbrain controls

Answer 11

basic life activities such as breathing, heartbeat, and blood pressure

Question 12

the hindbrain is composed of

Answer 12

medulla oblongata, pons, and the cerebellum

Question 13

the _______ is an extension of the spinal cord

Answer 13

medla oblongata

Question 14

the medulla oblongata contains many _______ neurons

Answer 14

association (interneurons)

Question 15

the medulla oblongata acts like a relay system because it

Answer 15

sorts incoming and outgoing information

Question 16

the medulla oblongata connects the _______________ and the sensory pathways to the __________________

Answer 16

higher parts of the brain, motor neurons

Question 17

the medulla oblongata controls

Answer 17

breathing systems: diaphragm and muscles. Also heart rate and it regulates blood vessel diameter

Question 18

Cerebellum is located right behind the

Answer 18

medulla oblongata

Question 19

The cerebellum contains both ______ and ______ ________ that has many folds

Answer 19

white matter (myelinated tissue) and grey matter (unmyelinated tissue)

Question 20

The cerebellum is connected by _______ to the ________ of the cerebral cortex

Answer 20

nerves, motor area

Question 21

The cerebellum receives input from almost all of the

Answer 21

sensory areas of the body

Question 22

The cerebellum coordinates and maintains (function)

Answer 22

all fine control over motor actions. It controls posture and equilibrium.

Question 23

What are symptoms of damage to the cerebellum

Answer 23

jerky and abrupt movements, difficulty keeping balance, and slurred speech

Question 24

Pons is located between

Answer 24

the midbrain and medulla oblongata

Question 25

The nerve fibres in in Pons connect

Answer 25

the two sides of the cerebellum. It connects the cerebellum to parts of the cerebrum, midbrain, and lower brain centres such as the medulla oblongata.

Question 26

Pons contains parts of the ________ control system

Answer 26

breathing

Question 27

The midbrain is located above the

Answer 27

pons

Question 28

the midbrain consists of ___ bundles of _______ matter

Answer 28

4, grey

Question 29

the midbrain acts as a relay centre for

Answer 29

some of the reflexes associated with eyes and ears

Question 30

Below the grey matter in the midbrain is some white matter that forms connections between the

Answer 30

pons, cerebellum, the spinal cord, and parts of the cerebrum

Question 31

The forebrain contains the

Answer 31

thalamus, hypothalamus, and cerebrum

Question 32

The thalamus is located above the

Answer 32

midbrain

Question 33

the thalamus acts as a relay centre for

Answer 33

nerve impulses going to the cerebrum

Question 34

the thalamus affects

Answer 34

consciousness and perception of pain levels

Question 35

The hypothalamus is the control centre for many vital functions of the ____________________

Answer 35

autonomic nervous system

Question 36

The hypothalamus plays a role in

Answer 36

temperature regulation and water balance

Question 37

The hypothalamus is the control centre for

Answer 37

hunger, thirst, sexual drive

Question 38

The hypothalamus regulates this part of the brain

Answer 38

pituitary gland

Question 39

What is the largest part of the brain?

Answer 39

Cerebrum

Question 40

The two cerebral hemispheres are separated by a ________________ and the two hemispheres are connected by a nerve tract called the ________________

Answer 40

longitudinal fissure, corpus callosum

Question 41

Each hemisphere is divided by _____________ into 4 lobes being ____________________

Answer 41

two deep grooves, parietal, temporal, frontal, occipital

Question 42

The outer layer of the cerebrum is called the

Answer 42

cerebral cortex

Question 43

The cerebral cortex is highly _________ thus creating a large surface area ___ times normal allowing it to contain all the _______ nerve cells which make up __% of cells in the brain

Answer 43

convoluted, 3, cortical, 10

Question 44

a small amount of the cerebral cortex is occupied by the ______ and ______ cortexes in the

Answer 44

motor, sensory, parietal lobe

Question 45

a large amount of the cerebral cortex is made of associative cortex which is the site of

Answer 45

mental activities such as conceptualization, planning, contemplation, and associative memory

Question 46

The motor cortex consists of

Answer 46

a narrow band of nerve tissue in the parietal lobe just in front of the central fissure

Question 47

the motor cortex controls the voluntary movement of

Answer 47

skeletal muscle (striated muscle)

Question 48

impulses from the motor nerves affects muscles on what side of the brain?

Answer 48

opposites

Question 49

The sensory cortex lies

Answer 49

in the band of nerve tissue in the parietal lobe behind the motor cortex

Question 50

what receives input from different parts of the body (a cortex)

Answer 50

sensory

Question 51

the sensory cortex is in close contact with the neurons for ________ on the occipital lobe, __________ on the temporal love and _________ on the frontal lobe.

Answer 51

vision, hearing, smell

Question 52

The spinal cord extends from the brainstem down to the _________ of the first Lumbar vertebrae

Answer 52

inferior plate

Question 53

The spinal cord is divided into ___ segments, each of which gives rise to a pair of spinal nerves that are apart of the ______ nervous system

Answer 53

31, peripheral

Question 54

sensory nerve fibers enter by way of the _________ (afferent path) while motor impulses are carried from the cord by way of the ___________ (efferent path)

Answer 54

dorsal root, ventral root

Question 55

The ______ connect the sensory and motor neurons together and carry messages up and down the spinal cord.

Answer 55

interneurons (association)

Question 56

This type of neuron is apart of a reflex arc that does not involve the brain

Answer 56

interneuron