113 L; Exam 2 Flashcards
Elimination (38 cards)
What are nursing interventions to promote urinary elimination?
- Support voiding habits
- Fluid intake
- Strengthening Muscle tone
- Stimulating urination
- resolving urinary retention
How can a nurse maintain regular voiding habits?
- Schedule: Creating routine
- Urge to void: assist the patient to void
when the patient first feels the urge - Privacy
- Position: allow patients to void in
preferred position - Hygiene: prevention of infection
How can a nurse promote fluid intake?
- Encourage 6-8 oz of liquids a day
- Provide fresh water, juices, and fluids
- Reminding confused patients to drink
- Monitor fluid intake for excessive amounts of caffeine-containing beverages, high-sodium beverages, and high-sugar beverages
How much should a healthy adult drink in a day?
6-8 oz glasses of liquid
(TRUE OR FALSE) Does drinking 6-8 oz of liquid cause water retention and contribute to weight gain?
FALSE-
What should a nurse look out for in patients with weakened pelvic floor muscles?
- Urinary continence problems
- stress incontinence
What interventions should a nurse include to promote muscle tone?
- Pelvic floor muscle training/ Kegel
exercises - Ambulation
How should a nurse assist with toileting?
- Note abnormalities of urine (if warranted)
- Calculating urine volume (if warranted)
- Providing a commode
- Bedpan and Urinal
People most at risk for UTI?
-FEMALES (Sexually active or poorly educate on hygiene techniques)
Why?
Females have a shorter urethrae
compared to males, so they are
more susceptible to infection.
- Postmenopausal people:
Why?
Decreased estrogen affects the
vaginal microbiome.
-Patients with indwelling catheter
- People with diabetes
- Older adults
(TRUE OR FALSE)
It is okay for weakened patients with fall risk to lock the bathroom when voiding.
False
What is the most common bacteria for UTI?
Escherichia coli
Why?
Transmitted through contact, found in the GI track.
Common way it is transmitted, is through poor hygiene technique.
Which patients should a nurse assist with toileting?
- Weakened patients
- Cognitive impairments
- Post-operative or recovering
- Are using assistive devices
- Experience incontinence or bowel/bladder control issues
What are self care behaviors that help with urine elimination?
- Maintaining voiding pattern and volume
- Respond as soon as possible to the urge
to void - Drink 6-8 oz glasses of water daily
- Avoid foods that contain excess sodium
- Monitor use of caffeine, alcohol, or medication schedules
-Seek medical assistance for any change in urine characteristics/ pain
What are Age-related changes
- Nocturia, frequency and urgency
- Incontinence
- UTIs
Nursing strategies for Nocturia, frequency and urgency
- Easy access to bathroom or commode
- Discourage fluid intake at bedtime
- Discourage alcohol use before bedtime
- Evaluate medication regimen and schedule, particularly diuretics and drugs that produce sedation or confusion
-Use a night light
-Use clothing that is easily removed fore voiding - Keep assistive ambulatory devices readily and available
- evaluate gait and ability to ambulate safely
- Assess for urinary tract infections
Nursing strategies for Incontinence
- Maintain a fluid intake
- Discourage use of alcohol, artificial
sweeteners, and caffeine - provide easy access to the bathroom
- use assistive devices when necessary
- Assess factors that influence voiding
- Use collection devices when necessary
- ensure safety when ambulating
- encourage use of whole, unprocessed, coarse wheat bran to prevent constipation and fecal impaction
- perform pelvic floor muscle training(PFMT)
- Encourage participation in a bladder retaining program
- What is the primary purpose of urination?( select ONE)
A. To regulate body temperature
B. To remove wastes and toxins from the body
C. To control electrolyte levels in the blood
D. To regulate blood pressure
Answer: B. To remove wastes and toxins from the body
A nurse is assessing a patient with kidney disease. Which urinary output observation would indicate dehydration?
A. Specific gravity of 1.030
B. Pale yellow urine
C. Cloudy urine
D. Sweet-smelling urine
A. Specific gravity of 1.030
What is a typical characteristic of urine in infants?
A. Infrequent urination
B. High concentration of urine
C. Control of sphincters by 6 months
D. 6-8 wet diapers per day
D. 6-8 wet diapers per day
Which condition might a nurse expect in an elderly patient who reports waking up frequently to urinate?
A. Urinary incontinence
B. Enuresis
C. Nocturia
D. Dysuria
C. Nocturia
Which of the following may cause a patient’s urine to appear orange-red in color?
A. Phenazopyridine
B. Ibuprofen
C. Antibiotics
D. Antidepressants
A. Phenazopyridine
- A patient is taking amitriptyline. Which urine color would the nurse expect to observe?
A. Orange
B. Green or blue-green
C. Brown or black
D. Pale yellow
B. Green or blue-green
