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113 Technical Fundamentals Flashcards

1
Q

113.1 Define each band of the Electromagnetic spectrum and describe what communications are commonly used in each.
Extremely Low Frequency (ELF)

A

3–30 Hz
1-way Comms to Subs, Long Range

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2
Q

113.1 Define each band of the Electromagnetic spectrum and describe what communications are commonly used in each.
Super Low Frequency (SLF)

A

30–300 Hz
Voice Frequency

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3
Q

113.1 Define each band of the Electromagnetic spectrum and describe what communications are commonly used in each.
Ultra Low Frequency (ULF)

A

300Hz–3KHz
Subsurface Land Comms (non-Navy)

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4
Q

113.1 Define each band of the Electromagnetic spectrum and describe what communications are commonly used in each.
Very Low Frequency (VLF)

A

3–30KHz
Fleet Comms and Navigation, Long Range

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5
Q

113.1 Define each band of the Electromagnetic spectrum and describe what communications are commonly used in each.
Low Frequency (LF)

A

30–300KHz
Telegraph, Long Range

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6
Q

113.1 Define each band of the Electromagnetic spectrum and describe what communications are commonly used in each.
Medium Frequency (MF)

A

300KHz–3MHz
Commercial AM radio

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7
Q

113.1 Define each band of the Electromagnetic spectrum and describe what communications are commonly used in each.
High Frequency (HF)

A

3–30MHz
Point-to-Point(P2P), Ship-Shore, Ground-to-Air, & Fleet Broadcasts

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8
Q

113.1 Define each band of the Electromagnetic spectrum and describe what communications are commonly used in each.
Very High Frequency (VHF)

A

30–300MHz
Amphibious Operations, P2P

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9
Q

113.1 Define each band of the Electromagnetic spectrum and describe what communications are commonly used in each.
Ultra High Frequency (UHF)

A

300MHz–3GHz
Tactical Voice Comms between Ships, P2P

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10
Q

113.1 Define each band of the Electromagnetic spectrum and describe what communications are commonly used in each.
Super High Frequency (SHF)

A

3–30GHz
RADAR and Satellite Comms, P2P

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11
Q

113.1 Define each band of the Electromagnetic spectrum and describe what communications are commonly used in each.
Extremely High Frequency (EHF)

A

30–300GHz
Experimental, P2P

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12
Q

113.3 Define and discuss the following terms:
Frequency

A

The number of vibrations, or cycles, of a wave train in a unit of time.

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13
Q

113.3 Define and discuss the following terms:
Wavelength

A

The distance in space occupied by one cycle of a radio wave in a given amount of time.

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14
Q

113.3 Define and discuss the following terms:
Ducting

A

Trapping of an RF wave between two layers of the Earth’s atmosphere or between an atmospheric layer and the Earth.

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15
Q

113.3 Define and discuss the following terms:
Refraction

A

The changing of direction of a wave as it leaves one medium and enters another medium of different density.

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16
Q

113.3 Define and discuss the following terms:
Multiplexing

A

A method for simultaneous transmission of two or more signals over a common carrier wave.

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17
Q

113.3 Define and discuss the following terms:
Bandwidth

A

The difference between the highest useable frequency of a device (upper frequency limit) and the lowest usable frequency of the device (lower frequency limit) measured at the half-power points.

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18
Q

113.3 Define and discuss the following terms:
Keying

A

Relays used in radio transmitter where the ordinary hand key cannot accommodate the pate current without excessive arcing.

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19
Q

113.3 Define and discuss the following terms:
Azimuth Angle

A

The 360-degree angle at which the radio wave travels. Can have some effect on the angle of incidence at which a radio wave intersects the atmosphere layers

20
Q

113.3 Define and discuss the following terms:
Elevation Angle

A

The angle at which the radio wave travels from the antenna to the atmosphere. This affects the angle of incidence at which a radio wave intersects the atmosphere layers

21
Q

113.4 Discuss/describe the following layers of the atmosphere and how each affect communication.
Troposphere:

A

Sea level to 3.7 miles

22
Q

113.4 Discuss/describe the following layers of the atmosphere and how each affect communication.
Ionosphere

A

250 miles to space.

23
Q

113.4 Discuss/describe the following layers of the atmosphere and how each affect communication.
Stratosphere

A

3.7 miles to 250 miles

24
Q

113.5 Discuss the following terms and give a description of what each means in relation to the atmosphere.
Frequency

A

The number of vibrations, or cycles, of an EM wave in a unit of time.

25
113.5 Discuss the following terms and give a description of what each means in relation to the atmosphere. Radio Waves
An electromagnetic wave generated by a transmitter.
26
113.5 Discuss the following terms and give a description of what each means in relation to the atmosphere. Propagation Paths
Waves traveling through a medium.
27
113.6 Describe the following modulation types and their common usage. USB (Upper Sideband)
When modulated by voice or music signals, all of the sum frequencies above that of the carrier.
28
113.6 Describe the following modulation types and their common usage. LSB (Lower Sideband)
When modulated by voice or music signal, all difference frequencies below that of the carrier.
29
113.6 Describe the following modulation types and their common usage. CW (Continuous Wave)
Modulation by on/off keying—Morse code. (Can also be Carrier Wave – which carries multiple frequencies over one channel.)
30
113.6 Describe the following modulation types and their common usage. AM (Amplitude Modulation)
Any method of modulating an electromagnetic carrier frequency by varying its amplitude in accordance with message intelligence. Used diode detectors (rectifiers)
31
113.6 Describe the following modulation types and their common usage. FM (Frequency Modulation)
the variation of the instantaneous frequency of the carrier, either above or below the frequency.
32
113.7 Define the following terms as they apply to radar. PRI or PRT (Plan Position Indicator)
is the most common radar display used for (Pulse Repetition Rate is same as PRF) in which range is indicated by the distance of a bright spot or blip from the center of the screen and the bearing is indicated by the radial angle of the spot.
33
113.7 Define the following terms as they apply to radar. PRF (Pulse Repetition Frequency)
The rate at which pulses are transmitted, given in hertz or pulses per second. Reciprocal of pulse - repetition time.
34
113.7 Define the following terms as they apply to radar. RF (Radio Frequency):
the modulated carrier wave from a transmitter.
35
113.7 Define the following terms as they apply to radar. BW (Beam Width)
angular width of the beam’s curvature.
36
113.7 Define the following terms as they apply to radar. CW (Curve Width)
the width of the pulse arc
37
113.7 Define the following terms as they apply to radar. PW (Pulse Width)
The duration of the pulse
38
113.7 Define the following terms as they apply to radar. Scan
Systematic movement of a radar beam to cover a definite pattern or area in space
39
113.8 Define the following. Half Duplex
Provides communications in both directions, but only in one at a time.
40
113.8 Define the following. Full Duplex
Provides communications in both directions simultaneously.
41
113.8 Define the following. Simplex
Communication that occurs in one direction only
42
113.9 Describe modulation for signal analysis Modulation
the ability to impress intelligence upon a transmission medium such as radio waves.
43
113.9 Describe modulation for signal analysis *Demodulation*
the removal of intelligence from a Transmission medium.
44
113.10 Describe bearing resolution, azimuth, and elevation angle in regards to RADAR function: True Bearing
the angle between true north and a line pointed directly at the target. Relative Bearing: The bearing angle to the radar target is measured from the centerline of your own ship or aircraft.
45
113.10 Describe bearing resolution, azimuth, and elevation angle in regards to RADAR function: Azimuth
Angular measurement in the horizontal plane in a clockwise direction.
46
113.10 Describe bearing resolution, azimuth, and elevation angle in regards to RADAR function: Elevation
Used by height finding radars, Uses a very narrow beam in both horizontal and vertical search planes.

Book 1 (14 decks)

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