HIST Exam 3 - FLASHCARDS - 3_21 Lecture 2 done

Question 1

What did the poll of 1941 show?

Answer 1

80% of Americans wanted to avoid war

Question 2

What exports did America limit to Japan?

Answer 2

Japan was very dependent on the U.S. for resources. Limited petroleum and scrap metal, banned sale of aviation gasoline. Froze all Japanese assets in the United States. Japan sent envoys to the U.S. to negotiate.

Question 3

Why did the Japanese attack Pearl Harbor?

Answer 3

They were afraid of the U.S. entering the war, so they chose to attack the U.S. navy

Question 4

What was the attack on Pearl Harbor?

Answer 4

In 1941, Japanese planes bombed Pearl Harbor destroying 14 ships, 188 planes, and killing 2500 men.

Question 5

When did the U.S. declare war on Japan?

Answer 5

December 8th

Question 6

What was the America First Committee?

Answer 6

isolationist group opposed to entering the war; supported by Charles Lindbergh and also by some people who had pro-Nazi sympathies; committee disbanded after Pearl Harbor attack

Question 7

Why were the allies at a disadvantage?

Answer 7

Hitler invaded Russia, Japan controlled most of the pacific

Question 8

What was the biggest surrender in American History?

Answer 8

General McArthur overwhelmed in the Philippines. 78,000 American and Filipino soldiers will surrender to the invading Japanese

Question 9

Who was in command of Allied troops?

Answer 9

General Dwight Eisenhower

Question 10

What did the Allies invade in 1942?

Answer 10

Invaded North Africa and drove Germany out of Africa by 1943

Question 11

What approach did Britain prefer?

Answer 11

A perimeter approach with air and naval attacks around edge of the continent

Question 12

What approach did the US prefer?

Answer 12

United States favored frontal assault attack from across the English Channel.

Question 13

When was Mussolini killed?

Answer 13

1945

Question 14

When was the Allied invasion of Italy?

Answer 14

1943

Question 15

What was the Battle of Stalingrad?

Answer 15

Russia defeated Germans and advanced into Eastern Europe. Major defeat for Germans they never really recover from

Question 16

What was the Battle of Coral Sea?

Answer 16

U.S. naval airplanes affected Japanese plans to occupy Port Moresby, New Guinea

Question 17

What was the Battle of Midway?

Answer 17

Victory for the U.S. at Midway aided by superior air power. Turning point where U.S. starts winning

Question 18

What did the War Production Board do?

Answer 18

Tax credits for businesses, awarded lucrative contracts for urgently needed goods. War bonds covered half of the cost of the war and increased income tax covered the rest. Class taxation changed to mass taxation.

Question 19

What was the War Manpower Commission?

Answer 19

Helped ensure a large army ready and able to fight.

Question 20

How did home industry contribute to the war?

Answer 20

American factories met needs of military and out producing Japanese factories. Built ships faster than Germans could sink them (1 ship per day)

Question 21

What was unemployment in 1943?

Answer 21

2%–the war was really good for the US economy and basically ends the Depression

Question 22

When did hatred for the Japanese grow?

Answer 22

After the bombing of Pearl Harbor

Question 23

How many Japanese Americans lived in California?

Answer 23

70% (2/3 native born) 110 thousand people of Japanese descent (1/3 Japanese born)

Question 24

What was Executive Order 9066?

Answer 24

Expelled all Japanese from west coast

Question 25

What were Japanese internment camps?

Answer 25

110,000 removed to detention centers in 7 western and southern states.

Question 26

What was Korematsu vs USA?

Answer 26

Supreme court said concentration camps were constitutional