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Organic Chemistry > Functional Groups > Flashcards

Functional Groups Flashcards

To memorize the basic functional groups in organic chemistry

1
Q

carbocyclic rings

A

consist entirely of carbon atoms

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2
Q

heterocyclic rings

A

have at least one heteroatom as part of the

ring

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3
Q

Acyclic compounds

A

don’t contain any type of ring (Ain’t no ring)

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4
Q

Hydrocarbons consist only of

A

C & H

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5
Q

Hydrocarbons can be broadly classified into one of two groups:

A

Aliphatic hydrocarbons

Aromatic hydrocarbons

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6
Q

Aliphatic hydrocarbons

A

do NOT contain any benzene rings

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7
Q

Aromatic hydrocarbons

A

contain at least one benzene ring

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8
Q

Alkanes (aka paraffins)

A

have only C-C single bonds throughout

the entire molecule

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9
Q

Alkenes (aka olefins)

A

have at least one C=C double bond in the

molecule

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10
Q

Alkynes (aka acetylenes)

A

have at least one C C triple bond in the

molecule

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11
Q

Organic compounds that contain a halogen atom (F, Cl, Br, I) are known
as

A

organohalogen compounds

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12
Q

Another term for an organohalogen compound

A

a haloalkane or

an alkyl halide

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13
Q

Alcohol

A

An oxygen that is directly bonded to a carbon AND to a hydrogen

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14
Q

Another name for the Alcohol group

A

hydroxy (O-H) group

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15
Q

Ethers

A

An oxygen that is singly bonded to 2 different carbon atoms

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16
Q

Phenols

A

OH group directly bonded to an aromatic ring

17
Q

carbonyl group

A

carbon double-bonded to an oxygen

18
Q

aldehydes

A

one of the bonds to the carbonyl group is to a hydrogen

19
Q

ketones

A

he carbonyl group is bonded to 2 different carbon atoms

20
Q

Carboxylic acids

A

have a C=O group bonded to a hydroxy group (O-H)

21
Q

Esters

A

have a C=O group bonded to an alkoxy group (O-R)

22
Q

In general, a –CO2- group is known as a

A

carboxyl group

23
Q

Organic derivatives of ammonia are called

A

amines

24
Q

Amides

A

have a nitrogen bonded to a carbonyl group

25
Q

Nitriles

A

have a C N triple bond

Organic Chemistry (2 decks)

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