General anaesthesia Flashcards
Out of the anaesthesia triad, what do opioids provide?
Analgesia
Unconsciousness
(No muscle relaxation)
What effects do opioids have on the GI system?
Slows gut motility
Causes ileus
What effect do opioids have on the locomotory system?
May cause locomotory excitement
Which is the most likely opioid to cause excitement in horses?
Buprenorphine
Which is the best analgesic to assess colic cases?
Xylazine Short duration (10-20 mins)
Which is the longest acting alpha-2 agonist in horses?
Romifidine
60 mins
Apart from being the longest acting, what is an advantage of romifidne as a sedative?
Least ataxia
Which is the only licensed alpha-2 in horses?
Detomidine
Only licensed IM, but can be used as oral gel
Why should acepromazine be avoided in colic?
Vasodilator
How long does it take for ACP to act?
45-60 mins
What are the side effects of ACP?
Paraphimosis in stallions (erection)
CV side effects
What drugs are used to induce horses?
Ketamine and midazolam
Or thiopental/GGE
What type of drug is thiopental?
GABA agonist
Barbutiurate
How long does ketamine last for?
20 mins
What are the side effects of ketamine?
Hypertonicity
Excitement
Myocardial depression
Increased peripheral sympathetic tone