child health Flashcards

1
Q

A child develops a pink maculopapular rash, initially on the face before spreading to the whole body. Suboccipital and postauricular lymphadenopathy is present

A

Rubella

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2
Q

A child presents with fever, conjunctivitis and being irritable. He has also developed a maculopapular rash which started behind ears before spreading and becoming blotchy & confluent is a stereotypical history of:

A

measles

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3
Q

a child presents with fever associated with an itchy, macular rash which then becomes vesicular

A

chicken pox

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4
Q

most common cause of bronchiolitis

A

respiratory syncytial virus

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5
Q

A newborn child is noted to have growth retardation, purpuric skin lesions, sensorineural deafness and seizures. Which one of the following congenital infections is most likely to be responsible?

A

cytomegalovirus

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6
Q

blunted upper incisor teeth, keratitis, saber shins, saddle nose and deafness

A

syphilis

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7
Q
short stature
diabetes mellitus
delayed puberty
rectal prolapse (due to bulky stools)
nasal polyps
male infertility, female subfertility
A

cystic fibrosis

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8
Q

A 3-year-old develops oral ulcers associated with a mild fever and vesicles on the palms and soles

A

coxsakie A - hand, Foot and Mouth

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9
Q

face: upslanting palpebral fissures, epicanthic folds, Brushfield spots in iris, protruding tongue, small low-set ears, round/flat face
flat occiput
single palmar crease, pronounced ‘sandal gap’ between big and first toe
hypotonia
congenital heart defects (40-50%, see below)
duodenal atresia
Hirschsprung’s disease

A

Down’s syndrome

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10
Q

red palms of the hands and the soles of the feet which later peel

A

Kawasaki

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11
Q

Cyanotic

A

tetralogy of Fallot

tricuspid atresia

transposition of the great arteries

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12
Q

Acyanotic

A

coarctation of the aorta

ventricular septal defect

aortic valve stenosis
atrial septal defect

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13
Q
left subclavicular thrill
continuous 'machinery' murmur
large volume, bounding, collapsing pulse
wide pulse pressure
heaving apex beat
A

patent ductus arteriosus

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14
Q

elevated gonadotrophin levels

A

Turner’s syndrome

Klinefelter’s syndrome

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15
Q

short stature
shield chest, widely spaced nipples
webbed neck
bicuspid aortic valve (15%), coarctation of the aorta (5-10%)
primary amenorrhoea
cystic hygroma (often diagnosed prenatally)
high-arched palate
short fourth metacarpal
multiple pigmented naevi
lymphoedema in neonates (especially feet)
gonadotrophin levels will be elevated
hypothyroidism is much more common in Turner’s
horseshoe kidney: the most common renal abnormality in Turner’s syndrome

A

Turner’s syndrome

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16
Q

Koplik spots, conjunctivitis, fever, rash starting behind the ear

A

measles

17
Q

most common cause of croup

A

parainfluenza virus

18
Q

most common cause of epiglottitis

A

H. Influenzae