KA2.2 - Control and Communication

Question 1

The nervous system consists of 3 parts. The brain, … and …

Answer 1

Brain, spinal cord and nerves

Question 2

The central nervous system (CNS) is composed of?

Answer 2

Brain and spinal cord.

Question 3

Describe the function of a nerve cell?

Answer 3

to transmit electrical impulses along neurons, which carry messages throughout the body.

Question 4

The brain has three main structures?

Answer 4

Cerebrum (at the top), cerebellum and the medulla (at the bottom middle).

Question 5

The cerebrum is responsible for?

Answer 5

conscious thoughts, reasoning, memory and emotions.

Question 6

State the function of the cerebellum?

Answer 6

controls balance and coordinated movement.

Question 7

What part of the brain controls heart and breathing rate?

Answer 7

Medulla.

Question 8

Name the three types of neuron

Answer 8

Sensory, inter and motor neuron

Question 9

The … is between neurons and carries chemical messages between neurons

Answer 9

Synapse.

This is the name for the gap between neurons

Question 10

Describe the stages in a reflex arc?

Answer 10

Step 1 - Stimulus detected by a receptor.
Step 2 - Receptor sends an electrical signal from the sensory neuron to the inter neuron.
Step 3 - The electrical signal crosses a synapse between the neurons.
Step 4 - The electrical signal is passed to the motor neuron which causes the effector to respond to the stimulus

Question 11

What type of organ releases hormones into the bloodstream?

Answer 11

Endocrine glands

Question 12

Hormones are … messengers

Answer 12

Chemical messengers

Question 13

Each hormone only acts on specific target tissue, explain how this happens?

Answer 13

The hormone only binds to complementary hormone receptors so only the target tissue with these receptors is affected.

Question 14

Hormones and hormone receptors are both example of which type of molecule?

Answer 14

A protein.

Hormones and receptors are two of the five types of protein.

Question 15

Name the organ that detects changes in blood glucose levels?

Answer 15

Pancreas

Question 16

Which hormone is released by the pancreas and decrease the blood glucose levels?

Answer 16

Insulin

Question 17

The hormone … is released from the pancreas to increase the levels of glucose in the blood

Answer 17

Glucagon

Question 18

The pancreas detects an increase in blood … levels which releases more … causing the liver to convert glucose into …

Answer 18

Glucose … insulin … glycogen.

The pancreas detects an increase in blood glucose levels which releases more insulin causing the liver to convert glucose into glycogen

Question 19

If there is a decrease in blood glucose level what does glucagon do?

Answer 19

Makes the liver convert glycogen back into glucose and release it into the bloodstream.