1135 Questions & Blanks

Question 1

What was the name of the great scientific book written by Isaac Newton?

Answer 1

Principia

Question 2

What three things did Isaac Newton’s book accomplish?

Answer 2

states the law of universal gravity
sets forth the three laws of motion
applies mathematics to astronomy

Question 3

What is force?

Answer 3

Force is any influence capable of producing a change in the velocity of a body

Question 4

State the first law of motion

Answer 4

A body will remain at rest or move with a constant speed in a straight line unless compelled to change its motion by an outside force

Question 5

Why did Isaac Newton state the law of inertia separately from the second law of motion?

Answer 5

to call attention to the role of forces in producing motion

Question 6

State the formula for the gravitational attraction between two bodies

Answer 6

F=G(m1m2/r^2)

Question 7

The force of gravitational attraction between two objects of ordinary size was successfully measured by _____________

Answer 7

Henry Cavendish

Question 8

Momentum is the product of what two quantities?

Answer 8

mass

velocity

Question 9

________ is equivalent to momentum and has the same units of measurement

Answer 9

Impulse

Question 10

State the law of conservation of momentum

Answer 10

The total momentum before an impact equals the total momentum after the impact.

Question 11

The third law of motion is also called the ____________

Answer 11

law of action reaction

Question 12

How can scientists calculate the momentum of an invisible particle in an atomic reaction?

Answer 12

They calculate the difference between the known momenta of all other particles and the original momentum

Question 13

M1V1 = -M2V2

Answer 13

.

Question 14

When both objects are going in the same direction, collide, and continue forward as one unit.

Answer 14

Pt = (m1 + m2)v

Question 15

kg X m/sec^2

Answer 15

N

Question 16

9.81m/sec^2

Answer 16

g

Question 17

maximum displacement

Answer 17

amplitude

Question 18

reciprocal to the period

Answer 18

frequency

Question 19

motion of a pendulum

Answer 19

simple harmonic

Question 20

back-and-forth motion

Answer 20

vibration

Question 21

product of force and distance

Answer 21

work

Question 22

product of a newton and meter

Answer 22

joule

Question 23

unit equal to one cycle per second

Answer 23

hertz

Question 24

ability to do work

Answer 24

energy

Question 25

energy due to motion

Answer 25

kinetic energy

Question 26

time it takes to make a complete swing

Answer 26

period

Question 27

The period of a pendulum is ____ related to its _____

Answer 27

directly | length

Question 28

How does gravity affect the period of a pendulum?

Answer 28

inversely

Question 29

The period of a pendulum is independent of what three things?

Answer 29

mass type of substance amplitude

Question 30

As the center of a vibration, a string has a ___________ of zero, while the ______ is at its maximum.

Answer 30

resulting force | velocity

Question 31

At maximum displacement, a vibrating string has a _____________

Answer 31

velocity of zero

Question 32

What is work?

Answer 32

The product of force and the distance through which the force is applied

Question 33

What is kinetic energy?

Answer 33

The ability to do work because of a body's motion

Question 34

Stored energy, or energy due to position is __________-

Answer 34

potential energy

Question 35

Examples of potential energy

Answer 35

gravitational firewood dynamite steam under pressure

Question 36

Formula for the period of a pendulum

Answer 36

T=2pi x (length/9.81)^1/2

Question 37

frequency = 1/period

Answer 37

cycle/sec = frequency = hertz

Question 38

Formula for work

Answer 38

work = force x distance

Question 39

dyne x cm

Answer 39

erg

Question 40

newton x meter

Answer 40

joule

Question 41

Formula for kinetic energy

Answer 41

KE = 0.5 x m x v^2

Question 42

Formula for potential energy

Answer 42

PE = m x g x h

Question 43

Formula for power

Answer 43

work or energy/time

Question 44

joules / seconds

Answer 44

watt

Question 45

Formula for mechanical advantage

Answer 45

load/effort

Question 46

Effort x effort distance = Load x load distance

Answer 46

.

Question 47

effort distance = MA x load distance

Answer 47

.

Question 48

MA of an incline

Answer 48

run/rise

Question 49

Efficiency = (work output/work input) x 100%

Answer 49

.

Question 50

Three facts that must be remembered when applying the law of conservation of energy

Answer 50

- A particular type of energy may not be conserved - Almost all energy changes result in an increase in the amount of heat energy at the expense of other types of energy. - The law of conservation of energy in the universe is not true under all circumstances

Question 51

What is the law of conservation of mass-energy?

Answer 51

The total amount of matter and energy in the universe is constant

Question 52

What is power

Answer 52

Power is a measure of the speed at which work is done

Question 53

List the six simple machines

Answer 53

Screw, Pulley, Wheel and Axle, Wedge, Lever, Inclined Plane | SPWAWLIP

Question 54

In what three ways are machines used?

Answer 54

change the direction of the effort multiply the effort change the distance through which the effort acts

Question 55

What is the meaning of mechanical advantage?

Answer 55

ratio of load to effort

Question 56

The ratio between the load and the actual effort used to move the load is called the _____

Answer 56

actual mechanical advantage

Question 57

Explain why theoretical mechanical advantage and actual mechanical advantage are never equivalent

Answer 57

energy is lost, usually due to friction

Question 58

In a lever the _________ is measure from the fulcrum to the load

Answer 58

load arm distance

Question 59

In a lever, the _____________ is measured from the fulcrum to the point where the effort is applied

Answer 59

effort arm distance

Question 60

When the effort is applied between the load and the fulcrum, the lever is ________

Answer 60

third class

Question 61

When the fulcrum is between the load and the effort, the lever is ___________

Answer 61

first class

Question 62

When the load is between the fulcrum and the effort, the lever is ______

Answer 62

second class

Question 63

What is a machine?

Answer 63

Any device that transfers energy from its point of input to its point of use