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8th Grade > Chapter 10 and 11 > Flashcards

Chapter 10 and 11 Flashcards

1
Q

Light colored streaks around a lunar crater

A

Rays

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2
Q

The only planet that takes longer to rotate on its axis than to orbit the sun

A

Venus

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3
Q

The brightest summer star

A

Vega

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4
Q

The center part of a coment

A

nucleus

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5
Q

What star is found near Orion’s belt

A

Sirius

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6
Q

Mors’s moon that orbits closer and more quickly

A

Phobos

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7
Q

How do we know that the sun is spinning

A

movement of sunspots

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8
Q

Why is Pluto a dwarf planet

A

Its gravity does not affect other objects

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9
Q

The imaginary band in the sky

A

Zodiac

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10
Q

What constellation is the Teapot asterism

A

Sagittarius

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11
Q

A large, dense object that light can not escape from

A

Black hole

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12
Q

A loose clump of stars

A

Open cluster

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13
Q

The measurement based on the speed of light

A

Light year

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14
Q

Space debris left by a comet

A

Meteoriod stream

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15
Q

What planetary property does Kepler’s third law relate to

A

the period of a planet

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16
Q

The most volcanically active body?

A

Io

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17
Q

The bulging shape of the growing moon

A

Waxing gibbous

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18
Q

Large clouds of gas and dust

A

Nebulae

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19
Q

The asteroids that are in Jupiter’s orbit are called

A

Trojan asteroids

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20
Q

Aristrole’s view of the universe

A

Geocentric

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21
Q

Distance on the celestial sphere is measured as an?

A

Angle

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22
Q

The planet discovered with math

A

Neptune

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23
Q

A star like object, but is a black hole

A

Quasar

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24
Q

Stellar parallax is measured from where?

A

The star

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25
Q

The most rapidly orbiting planet

A

Mercury

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26
Q

The first classified asteriod

A

Ceres

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27
Q

A small cool, and dim star

A

White dwarf

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28
Q

Why do we use solar observations to study the sun’s transition region

A

It releases ultraviolet radiation

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29
Q

A rapidly roatting neutron star that emits beans of radio waves

A

Pulsar

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30
Q

The coldest Neptunian satellite

A

Triton

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31
Q

A star in the Summer Triangle

A

Altair

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32
Q

A small group of galaxies

A

Clump

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33
Q

What determines the brightness of a star

A

Temperature

34
Q

When earth approaches aphelion

A

the orbital speed decreases

35
Q

The idea that the solar system from from a cloud of gas and sut

A

nebular hypothesis

36
Q

Saturn’s moon that orbits the opposite direction

A

Phoebe

37
Q

The “north star”

A

Polaris

38
Q

How many planets were originally known

A

five

39
Q

Who proposed a heliocentric view

A

Copernicus

40
Q

A chunk of space debris that has reached earth’s surface

A

Meteorite

41
Q

The brightness of a star as viewed from earth

A

apparent magnitude

42
Q

What defines a lunar month

A

Time for the moon to go through all of its phases

43
Q

The color sequence of visible light

A

Visible spectrum

44
Q

What is formed by ordering all types of electromagnetic waves by increases frequency and decreasing wavelength

A

Electromagnetic spectrum

45
Q

What is the term for moving the clocks up one hour

A

summer time

46
Q

What is the term for a satellites lowest position around the earth

A

Perigee

47
Q

What orbit is perpendicular to the equator

A

polar orbit

48
Q

The most fuel efficient way for spacecraft to move between orbits

A

Hohmann transfer orbit

49
Q

What is it called when a satellite crosses the earth in the same spot every day

A

sun synchronous orbit

50
Q

What instrument uses low frequency waves (Not light) to observe areas

A

Radio telescope

51
Q

A Calander that uses the lunar year with an extra month in certain years to stay in step with the seasons

A

Jewish

52
Q

A telescope that uses a large, curved mirror as the objective

A

Reflecting

53
Q

The first type of spacecraft designed to be rused

A

space shuttle

54
Q

The unit of time that is not based on the motion of a heavenly body

A

Week

55
Q

An unmanned spacecraft launched specifically to explore the unknown

A

space probe

56
Q

The first artificial object to orbit the earth

A

Sputnik 1

57
Q

The two points at which a spacecraft must be traveling to leave Earth’s gravity without using its rockets anymore

A

Escape velocity

58
Q

The two points at which the apparent path of the sun crosses the celestial equator

A

Equinoxes

59
Q

How do Earth observations satellites work

A

detecting different forms of electromagnetic radiation

60
Q

Which type of satellites help defend countries against attack

A

Military

61
Q

What type of satellites are the satellites are the satellites of the Global Positioning system

A

Navigational satellites

62
Q

What was teh third nation to successfully launch a amanned spacecraft?

A

China

63
Q

What was the first space station launched

A

Salut I

64
Q

At what point in its orbit does an Earth orbiting satellite travel the fastest

A

When it is closet to Earth

65
Q

What factor affects the lengths of the seasons

A

Distance to the sun

66
Q

A.D. stands for

A

Anno Domini

67
Q

A satellite stapys in orbit at the same point on the earth’s surface

A

Geostationary

68
Q

The suns northernmost and southernmost points on the ecliptic

A

Solstices

69
Q

A combition of liquid chimicals that expand greatly when they react with each other is a

A

liquid fuel rocket

70
Q

The narrow dark lines in a color spectrum from a prism

A

Absorption lines

71
Q

A satellite that can detect radiation that cannon penetrate Earth’s atmosphere

A

Astronomical satellite

72
Q

Any activity performed by an astronaut outside a spacecraft is

A

EVA

73
Q

The first person to travel in space

A

Yuri Gagarin

74
Q

The first American to orbit the earth

A

John Glenn

75
Q

The first Chinese astronaut

A

Yang Liwei

76
Q

The fother of modern rocketry

A

Robert Goddard

77
Q

The first human being to set foot on the moon

A

Neil Armstrong

78
Q

If the frequency of a sample is lower what can be concluded?

A

The star is traveling away from earth because its spectrum is redshifted

79
Q

What is the main difference between reflecting and refracting telescopes

A

Reflecting uses mirrors

80
Q

WHy a solar and sidereal day are not the same length

A

The length of the solar day depends on teh sun’s poisiotn on the ecliptic

81
Q

What direction would someone in London have to look to see Betelgeuse

A

South because Betelgeuse is near the celestial equator

82
Q

At an altitude of 800km, a satellite is moving at 26,500 kmh. The other side of the orbit is moving at 28,000 kmh. What can you determine about the satellite’s altitude at this point?

A

It is lower than 800 km because the satellite sped up

8th Grade (3 decks)

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