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ENTM > Lecture 8 > Flashcards

Lecture 8 Flashcards

1
Q

What two things overcome to fly?

A

Gravity and Air resistance

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2
Q

How to water strider walk on water?

A

Water is sticky so if an insects small enough and does not break through surface tension, they’ll walk. Their legs have little hair, microsity, that repel water. Entire body covered in them.

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3
Q

Indirect Flight

A

Conserve energy by using different muscles. Move muscles to get lifting motion and move different angles/speeds
Ex. Bees, flies, beetles, wasps, butterfly

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4
Q

Direct Flight

A

The wings are attached to the muscle. Wing is flapped after muscle pulled. Thorax is actually moving
ex. Dragon Fly (Odonata), and Mayfly (Ephemeroptera)

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5
Q

Haemocoel

A

This is a body cavity containing hemolymph

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6
Q

Haemocoel

A

This is a body cavity containing hemolymph

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7
Q

Nervous System

A

Carries input signals from sensors to CNS and action signals from CNS to
Functional unit= neuron
-

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8
Q

Neuron

A

Node of ravier- uninsulated and allowed electric signal to jump nodes
Schwann cell- helps axon regrow in case of damage

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9
Q

How many exons brank out from nucleus?

A

Just one? Monopolar
2? Bipolar
more than 2? Multipolar

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10
Q

Synapse?

A

The area where two neurons meet or the connection between neurons. Neurotransmitters are released and swim until receptors pick it up.
Ex of neurotransmitters: Acetylcoline and Catecholoamines

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11
Q

Insect Neurobiology

A

Nervous system composed of interconnected cells called neurons where electrical charges (impulses) travel.
Impulses are carried across synapse by neurotransmitters
-NT are ACh and GABA and glutamate, released from pre-synapse, move across and received by post-synapse.
When NT bind successfully at receptor site, the cycle continues

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12
Q

Types of Neurons

A

1) Sensory neurons
2) Interneurons
3) Motory Neurons
4) Neurosecretory cells

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13
Q

Sensory neurons and Motor neurons and interneurons

A

carry messages from sensory receptors , and motor neurons regular the contraction of muscles. Interneurons usually mediate these actions
*the aggregated soma of motor neurons and interneurons make up ganglia of insect CNS

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14
Q

CNS

A

Theres the brain, then esophogus. Now from the beginning from esophogus, you have the thoracic ganglia(3) then abdominal ganglia(6).
* Numbers vary and may combine to one big ganglia

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15
Q

Hormones

A

1) Neurohormones released by corpus cardiacum
2) Juvenile Hormones released by corpus allatum
3) Ecdysteroid released by prothroric gland
4) Pre- ecdysis and ecysis triggering hormones by inka cells

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16
Q

Haemolymph

A

Insect blood

16
Q

Haemolymph

A

Insect blood

17
Q

Circulatory System

A

Transport Hormones, Nutrients, waste,
Ventilation for pressure, thermoregulation, water reserve, protect from injury/infection
RARELY TRANSPORT O2/CO2

18
Q

Protection from injury/infection

A

Haemocytes-blood cells do a lot of work:

1) Phagocytosis- eat invading cell
2) Encapsulation- trap invading cell
3) Clotting-
4) Storage/distribute nutrients

19
Q

Insect Heart

A 
Dorsal vessel (aorta)
Dorsal vessel (heart)
Dorsal diaphram
Ostia
Ventral diaphram
organ of antenna
20
Q

Physiology and Gas Exchange

A

ANIMAL CELLS NEED ENERGY
get this from food
sugar+oxygen—>carbon dioxide and water
(also get ATP)

21
Q

Spiracles

A

10 max, 2 thoracic, 8 abdomenal
-connected to trachea then to tracheoles then to cells, OXYGEN transported directly to cell
FOR OXYGEN TO GET INTO INSECT

22
Q

Taenidia and Trachea

A

Trachea lined with Taenidia. Trachea is part of exoskeleton so it can be molted

23
Q

Open system and Closed system

A

Cockroach system is very simple.
Bees have consistent air to keep flying
5-50% of body volume

24
Q

Mosquito Larvae

A

They have anal breathing tubes, not spiracles

25
Q

Caudal Gills and Internal Rectal Gills

A

Gills on terminal of abdomen
Ex. Damselfly naiad
Gills inside rectum
Ex. Dragonfly Naiad

26
Q

How does gas exchange happen?

A

Diffusion and Ventilation, just works by moving, air moving in and air moves out.

ENTM (30 decks)

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