june 2018- paper 2 Flashcards

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1
Q

why does a decrease in rubisco activity lower rate of photosynthesis (2)

A

less co2 can react with rubp

less gp forms

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2
Q

why are log scales used

A

large range of numbers

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3
Q

why are observed vs expected phenotypic ratios often different? (5)

A
  • epistasis
  • small sample sizes
  • linked genes
  • random fertilisation of gametes
  • lethal genotypes
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4
Q

how do neurotransmitters stimulate the production of a nerve impulse?

A
  • diffuses across the synapse
  • attaches to receptors on postsynaptic membrane
  • stimulates entry of Na+
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5
Q

role of 2 enzymes used to insert DNA into plasmids

A
  • restriction endonuclease to cut plasmid

- ligase joins gene to plasmid

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6
Q

3 structural differences that allow separation of proteins using gel electrophoresis

A
  • mass
  • r group
  • charge
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