Section 1 Fundementals of programming

Question 1

What is a integer ?

Answer 1

a whole number such as 1 5 7

Question 2

what is a real / float ?

Answer 2

a number with a fractionl part such as 3.142

Question 3

what is a boolean

Answer 3

a bolean variable can only take the value TRUE or FALSE

Question 4

What is a character?

Answer 4

a letter on number or a special character typically represneted in ASCII

Question 5

What is a string?

Answer 5

anyhting enclosed in quote marks is a string

Question 6

What does the operator div do?

Answer 6

divides your integer telling you how many will fit into the number given without exceeding the limit

Question 7

What does the operator mod do?

Answer 7

this finds the remainder

Question 8

what is a sequence ?

Answer 8

two or more statemnets following one after the other

Question 9

what is selection?

Answer 9

statements that are used to select which statement will be executed next depending on some conditions

Question 10

what are all of the relationl operators ?

Answer 10

> greater than 
< less than 
>= greater than or equal to
<= less than or equal to 
= equal
<> not equal

Question 11

What is indefinite iteration?

Answer 11

this is where the iteration contiues until some specified condition is met ( this would use a WHILE loop)

Question 12

what is definite iteration ?

Answer 12

this is where the number of times the loop is to be executed is decieded in advance ( this would use a FOR loop)

Question 13

what is an array?

Answer 13

this is a finite , ordered set of elements of the same type of data ( such as intergers , real or char)

Question 14

what is a 2 dimensional array?

Answer 14

this is when each varible in the array has more than one item assigned to it ( e.g. class_names = [[f_name, l_name][oskar, janyszko]]

Question 15

what is a subroutine?

Answer 15

this is a named block of code which performs a specific task within a program

Question 16

what are the two subroutines supported by most high-level languages ?

Answer 16

functions and procedures

Question 17

what is a function ?

Answer 17

a secrtion of code that is reposnible for carrying out a specfic task that retuerns a value

Question 18

what is a proceduer?

Answer 18

a section of code that is used to perform a specific task that does not return a value once completed

Question 19

what is a global variable ?

Answer 19

variables that can be used anywhere in the program , including within any subroutine

Question 20

What is a local variable ?

Answer 20

can be used and these only exist during the execution of the subroutine

Question 21

how would you write to a file in python ?

Answer 21

f.write(filename)

Question 22

how would you read from a file in python?

Answer 22

f.read(filename)

Question 23

when would you use exception handling

Answer 23

• trying to read a non - existent file
• trying to convert a non numeric string enetered by a user to an interger or a real number
• trying to perform calculations with a non numeric variable
• division by zero