Posterior axioappendicular muscles Flashcards
The posterior Axioappendicular muscles are also known as what and are divided into what two groups?
The extrinsic shoulder muscles and the superificial and deep muscles.
What does the superficial group consist of? What does the deep group consist of?
The superficial consists of the trapezius and lattisimus dorsi.
The deep group consists of the rhomboid minor, rhomboid major and levator scapulae.
Note the three components to the trapezius muscle.
- Superior Trapezius (descending part)
- Middle Trapezius (transverse part)
- Inferior Trapezius (ascending part)
Where does the Trapezius:
Proximally attach
Distally attach
Nerve Supply
It proximally attaches to the superior nuchal line, external occiptal protuberance, nuchal ligament, spinous processes of the C7 - T12
Distally attaches to the lateral third of the clavicle, acromion and spine of the scapula
The nerve supply is the accessory nerve and C3, C4 spinal nerves (pain and proprioception)
Outline the action of the areas of the trapezius.
Superior: Elevates scapula
Middle: retract scapula
Inferior: depresses scapula
Superior and Inferior together: rotate glenoid fossa superiorly
With the Latissimus Dorsi, what makes it useful for climbing and swimming.
The combined movements of adduction, extension and medial rotation.
Label the proximal and distal attachments of the latissimus dorsi
Proximal - Spinous processes of inferior 6 thoracic vertebrae, thoracolumbar fascia, iliac crest, 3-4 ribs
What are the nerve supply and action of the latissimus dorsi?
The nerve supply is the thoracodorsal nerve and the action is extends, adducts and rotates the humerus.
Where is the levator scapulae located?
What does it work and help with?
Deep to the trapezius
It works with the upper trapezius to hold the scapula up when carrying a load.
What is the proximal and distal attachment of the levator scapulae
Proximal = transverse processes of C1-C4 vertebrae
Distal = Medial border of scapula superior to the spine of the scapula (refer to image)
What are the nerve supply and action of the levator scapulae?
Nerve Supply = Dorsal Scapular nerve and Cervical nerves C3-C4
Action = Elevates scapula and inferiorly rotates glenoid fossa
What are the nerve supply and action of the levator scapulae?
Nerve Supply = Dorsal Scapular nerve and Cervical nerves C3-C4
Action = Elevates scapula and inferiorly rotates glenoid fossa
What are the superficial posterior axioappendicular muscles?
- Trapezium
- Latissimus Dorsi
What are the proximal and distal attachments of the rhomboid major and rhomboid minor
