historical sig

Question 1

confucianism

Answer 1

Confucianism continues to shape the cultures and lives of those in East Asia (right relationships and happiness)

Question 2

Monsoon Asia

Answer 2

provided enough rainfall for many kinds of agriculture, including rice, which determines where people could live

Question 3

Oda Nobunaga

Answer 3

He is the first of the 3 unifiers of Japan (ruthless)

Question 4

Toyotomi Hideyoshi

Answer 4

uses his diplomacy to expand into the west, and is credited with reunifying Japan

Question 5

Tokugawa Ieyasu

Answer 5

he creates a hereditary shogunate which leads to 250 years of the peaceful Tokugawa Shogunate, but it is a result of secret police, rigid social classes, and military enforcement.

Question 6

Sankin Kotai/hostage system

Answer 6

prevented the Daimyo from rebelling because their families were being held hostage in Edo
(also creates a national economy and merchant class, because the Daimyo had to stop to rest/food)

Question 7

the floating world (Yoshiwara)

Answer 7

growing significance of merchants, who were permitted licenses to sell at Yoshiwara.

Question 8

Dejima Island

Answer 8

This artificial trade island was Japan’s only contact with the outside world (dutch and chinese) at the time and played a role in the modernization of Japan.

Question 9

zheng he

Answer 9

because his powerful fleets had no competition, he was able to go on expeditions to report on what else what going on in the world.

Question 10

hongwu

Answer 10

He founded the Ming Dynasty, which lasted for 300 years. furthermore, the imperial state that he set up lasted until the 20th century (including: centralized gov and grand secretariat)

Question 11

qianlong

Answer 11

he was the last of the Three Emperors and marked a high point of the Qing Dynasty and of Imperial China, and it all declined from him

Question 12

canton system

Answer 12

allowed the Qing to control trade tightly and maintain a monopoly over trade. Furthermore, it created a lot of trouble for merchants (bankruptcy, tension w/ foreigners)

Question 13

opium wars

Answer 13

Casts a shadow that becomes known as the Century of Humiliation, and leads to the unequal treaty of Nanjing when china loses to Britain

Question 14

treaty of Nanjing

Answer 14

First of the unequal treaties between China and western powers. also, it influences Japan to “open up” so that the same thing does not happen to them

Question 15

Chinese exclusion act

Answer 15

it was America’s first law to ban immigration base on race

but, the chinese found loopholes (paper sons/daughters and the food industry

Question 16

extraterritoriality

Answer 16

symbol of western imperialism

-was used in the Opium wars and the Harris treaty

Question 17

most favored nation status

Answer 17

makes China/Japan into a Quasi Colonial state (not a colony, but it is influenced by another nation)

Question 18

Lin Zexu

Answer 18

played a crucial role in the First Opium war and was able to dispose of 20,000 chests of opium

Question 19

Taiping rebellion

Answer 19

bloodiest civil war in human history, and the political instability caused many Chinese to immigrate to the US and other countries

Question 20

Shintoism

Answer 20

state shinto governments claimed that the emperor is divine and above politics

Question 21

right relationships

Answer 21

these fundamental relationships determined how people were treated, and also marks the confucian golden age in Japan

Question 22

empress dowager Cixi

Answer 22

one of the most powerful women in Chinese history, and her negotiations/support of the Boxer Rebellion led to a civil war across northern china

Question 23

commodore Matthew Perry

Answer 23

played a leading role in forcing Japan to open up (treaty of Kanagawa)

Question 24

sakamoto ryoma

Answer 24

he played a vital role in the overthrowing of the shogunate and the restoration of the Meiji emperor

Question 25

gunboat diplomacy

Answer 25

the west used gunboat diplomacy in both China (to end the opium war) and in Japan (to get Japan to open up)

Question 26

Li Naosuke

Answer 26

he signed the Harris Treaty with the US, which allowed Japan to modernize quickly

Question 27

the Harris treaty

Answer 27

it was signed by Japan because they were afraid of what happened in China. this treaty was unequal (had to give US extraterritoriality and most favored status) so ti started an anti-bafuku movement (weak and unable to resist further demands)

Question 28

the Meiji restoration

Answer 28

ended the era of the shogunate, and restored imperial rule to the emperor

Question 29

Satsuma/Tosa/Choshu (Satcho)

Answer 29

by late 1800s, the Tokugawa surrendered and the Meiji emperor was restored and had full political power

Question 30

fukazawa Ukichi

Answer 30

he went on the Iwakura Mission and wrote many famous works based on what he saw

Question 31

iwakura mission

Answer 31

this tour shows Japan’s determination to successfully turn Japan from a Fuedalistic to a nationalistic nation

Question 32

saigo takamori

Answer 32

(wanted to take Korea)

he left the government and leads a rebellion against the Meiji government

Question 33

meiji constitution

Answer 33

this consitution was modeled on western nations, but it held it’s own unique views that held the emperor as sovereign, creates imperial ideology, and creates an illusion of political participation

Question 34

imperial rescript on education

Answer 34

the Meiji government said the the goal of education was to serve the state and create loyal subjects

Question 35

yagamata Aritomo

Answer 35

defeats a revolting group of samurai (including Saigo)