S11 thyroid and HNCs Flashcards
1
Q
laryngeal cancer symptoms
A
- hoarseness of voice
- dysphagia (difficulty swallowing)
- persistent cough (the larynx cough reflex)
- unexplained otalgia (due to the contribution of vagus nerve to both sensory innervation of ear and to larynx and larygopharynx)
- neck lump (cervical lymphadenopathy) secondary to mets
2
Q
most likely type of thyroid cancer
A
papillary adenocarcinoma
3
Q
who is thyroid cancer most likely in
A
for papillary and follicular carcinomas - women
late 30s/40s
tx= surgery/ radioactive iodine
4
Q
which thyroid cancer is haematogenous spread most common
A
follicular adenocarcinoma (the less common one)
5
Q
guidelines for unexplained lump in neck and persistent hoarseness of voice
A
ENT specialist 2 weeks
6
Q
most HNCs are which cell type
A
squamous cell
7
Q
pharyngeal cancer symptoms
A
- neck lump secondary to cervical mets
- dysphagia
- painful swallow
- unexplained otalgia
8
Q
risk factors for HNCs
A
- HPV (?)
- smoking
- leicoplakia (plaques in mouth or tongue, painless, due to irritation of mucous membrane)
- heavy alcohol ise
- EBV (nasopharyngeal cancers)
9
Q
sensory info from the laryngopharynx is conveyed via
A
vagus nerve
