114 - Chapter 1-5 Review Questions

Question 1

In what year were X-rays discovered?

Answer 1

1895

Question 2

In what year were some of the biologically damaging effects of x-rays discovered?

Answer 2

1898

Question 3

X-rays were discovered in experiments dealing with electricity and _________?

Answer 3

Vacuum tubes

Question 4

X-rays were discovered when they caused a barium platinocynaide-coated plate to ____________?

Answer 4

Fluoresce

Question 5

X-radiation is classified in which spectrum?

Answer 5

Electromagnetic

Question 6

X-rays have a dual nature, which means that they behave like both _______ and ________?

Answer 6

Waves and Particles

Question 7

The wavelength and frequency of x-rays are ________ related?

Answer 7

Inversely

Question 8

X-rays have _______ electrical charge

Answer 8

NO and or Neutral

Question 9

X-rays have no ________?

Answer 9

Mass

Question 10

The X-ray beam used in diagnostic radiography can be described as being________?

Answer 10

Polyenergetic

Question 11

The unit that measures the transfer of radiation energy into tissue is known as the _________?

Answer 11

Gray

Question 12

Which of the following will minimize radiation exposure to the patient?

a. beam restriction
b. gonadal shielding
c. screening for pregnancy
d. All of the above

Answer 12

All of the Above

Question 13

Which x-ray tube component serves as a source of electrons for x-ray production?

Answer 13

Filament

Question 14

Electrons interact with the________ to produce x-rays and heat.

Answer 14

Target

Question 15

The cloud of electrons that forms before x-ray production is refereed to as?

Answer 15

Space Charge

Question 16

The burning or boiling off of electrons at the cathode is referred to as ________?

Answer 16

Thermionic emission

Question 17

Which primary exposure factor influences both the quantity and the quality of x-ray photons?

Answer 17

KVP

Question 18

The unit used to express tube current is?

Answer 18

mA

Question 19

What percentage of the kinetic energy is converted to heat when moving electrons strike the anode target?

Answer 19

99%

Question 20

The intensity of the x-ray beam is greater on the _______?

Answer 20

Cathode side of the tube

Question 21

According to the line-focus principle, as the target angle decreases, the _________

Answer 21

Effective focal spot size decreases

Question 22

_______ extends x-ray tube life.

Answer 22

Warming up the tube after 2 h of non-use

Question 23

Which type of target interaction is responsible for most of the x-rays in the diagnostic beam

Answer 23

Bremsstrahlung Interactions

Question 24

Increasing the kVp results in _______?

Answer 24

More x-rays and higher energy

Question 25

Total filtration in the x-ray beam includes

Answer 25

inherent filtration and added filtration

Question 26

The process whereby a radiographic image is created by variations in absorption and transmission of the exiting x-ray beam is known as?

Answer 26

Differential absorption

Question 27

Which of the following processes occur during the x-ray beam interactions with tissue

Answer 27

Absorption Photon Transmission Scattering

Question 28

The ability of an x-ray photon to remove an atoms electron is a characteristic known as?

Answer 28

Ionization

Question 29

The x-ray interaction responsible for scattering is

Answer 29

Compton

Question 30

Remnant radiation is composed of which of the following?

Answer 30

Transmitted | Scattered

Question 31

What interactions causes unwanted exposure to the image, known as fog?

Answer 31

Compton

Question 32

Which of the following factors would affect beam attenuation?

Answer 32

Tissue atomic number | Beam quality

Question 33

The high brightness areas on a radiographic image are created by_______?

Answer 33

absorbed radiation

Question 34

An atomic part that transmits the incoming x-ray photon would create an area of _______ on the radiographic image

Answer 34

Low brightness

Question 35

True or False: The process of creating a radiographic image by differential absorption varies for film- screen and digital imaging

Answer 35

False

Question 36

Which attribute of a radiographic image affect the visibility of sharpness?

Answer 36

Contrast and brightness

Question 37

A radiographic image with many shades of gray but few differences among them is said to have?

Answer 37

Low Contrast

Question 38

Which of the following is defined as the range of exposure intensities that an image receptor can accurately detect?

Answer 38

Dynamic Range

Question 39

Which of the following would improve digital image quality

Answer 39

Large matrix and increase pixel density

Question 40

The type of image receptor that uses a photostimulable phosphor to acquire the latent image is __________

Answer 40

Computed radiography (CT)

Question 41

Which of the following is used to extract the latent image from an imaging plate

Answer 41

Laser Beam

Question 42

Which of the following will improve the quality of the digital image

Answer 42

Increased sampling frequency and decreased sampling pitch

Question 43

Which of the following would improve the quality of the digital image for a given field of view (FOV)

Answer 43

A fixed matrix size and small imaging plate

Question 44

What is the process of assigning a numerical value to represent a brightness value?

Answer 44

Quantization

Question 45

Which of the following pixel bit depths would display a greater range of shades of gray is represent anatomic tissues

Answer 45

16 bit

Question 46

Digital imaging system have a wide dynamic range

Answer 46

True

Question 47

A lower signal to noise ratio improves the quality of digital image

Answer 47

False

Question 48

Which of the following is a measurement of the efficiency of an image receptor in converting the x-ray exposure it receives to a quality radiographic

Answer 48

DQE

Question 49

Which of the following is defined as a graphic representation of the pixel values

Answer 49

Histogram

Question 50

What process is employed to maintain consistent digital image brightness for overexposure or under?

Answer 50

Automatic rescaling

Question 51

Which of the following is NOT a numerical value indicating the level of radiation exposure to a digital image receptor? a. sensitivity number b. exposure indicator c. window level d. exposure index

Answer 51

Window level

Question 52

What digital process alters image brightness and grayscale to improve the visibility of anatomic structures

Answer 52

lookup tables

Question 53

What type of monitor passes light through liquid crystals to display a digital image

Answer 53

LCD

Question 54

True of False: Maintaining a low level of ambient lighting can improve soft-copy viewing of digital images

Answer 54

True

Question 55

Display monitors used for soft-copy viewing of digital images should have _________?

Answer 55

High Luminance

Question 56

Which of the following is NOT a function during post-processing of a displayed digital image

Answer 56

Automatic rescaling

Question 57

A wider window width

Answer 57

Decreases contrast

Question 58

What is the communication standard for information sharing between PACS and imaging modalities

Answer 58

DICOM

Question 59

Which of the following is the latent image center for radiographic film

Answer 59

Sensitivity speck

Question 60

Which of the following describes a film's sensitivity to x-rays light

Answer 60

Speed

Question 61

Intensifying screens are used to

Answer 61

Decrease patient exposure

Question 62

The ability to emit light only when stimulated by x-rays is known as

Answer 62

Fluorescence

Question 63

What term is defined as a measure of the amount of light transmitted through the film

Answer 63

Optical density

Question 64

Change in radiation exposure have the greatest effect on optical densities in which sensitometric region?

Answer 64

Straight-line

Question 65

Why is silver recovery necessary during film processing?

Answer 65

it is a natural resource it is toxic to the environment it has monetary value

Question 66

When the exposure technique used produces densities outside the straight-line portion of a sensitometic curve, how was contrast affected?

Answer 66

Decreased