Physical Activity + Health Promotion

Question 1

Why is PA for older pts important

Answer 1

They are the least physically active active of any age group

PA levels have been referenced as a modifiable risk factor a preventative measure as well as an intervention

Question 2

Changes in mm with age

Answer 2

• Loss of mass, strength,power

- Sarcopenia- age related loss of mm function (major component in the development of frailty)

Question 3

What are the categories(5) you assess sarcopenia in and what score is needed for more comprehensive eval

Answer 3

• strength
• assistence in walking
• rise from chair
• climb stairs
• falls

score of 4+ to assess further

Question 4

Declines in isometric, concentric and eccentric strength will occur at which age, and be accelerated when

Answer 4

will decline from the age of 40+

Accelerated decline beyond the age of 60

Question 5

What part of the body declines first

Answer 5

decline in lower body is more pronounced and occurs faster

Question 6

When will u see a sig decline in flexibility

Answer 6

sig decline in hip, spine and ankle by the age of 70, more prominent in women

Question 7

Gait differences in aging

Answer 7

preferred walking speed is slowing, stride length becomes shorter, steps more wide, increased gait variability

Question 8

When do total number of mm fibres decline start

Answer 8

25

Question 9

functional motor unit changes with aging

Answer 9

type 2 fast- reduces specificity (loss of power)
Fewer mm unites and they are serving larger areas
balance bw denervation and rein nervation is lost
@60 have 25-50% less fewer mm units than 20yold

Question 10

Endocrine changes w age

Answer 10

• Increased insulin resistance
• decreased growth hormone
• reduction in sex hormones
• vit D Deficiency
• Increase in parathyroid hormone

Question 11

What is frailty

Answer 11

most often defined as an aging related syndrome of physiological decline, characterized by marked vulnerability to adverse health outcomes

-dependent on your physiological state and how well you can respond to stressors (involves multiple body systems(

Question 12

What % of those over 85 are frail

Answer 12

25-50% of imdv over 85 are frail

Question 13

what supps are an option for those battling sarcopenia

Answer 13

L-Leuicine- could pot increase the effects of resistance training to prevent or manage sarcopenia

Hydroxymethylbutyrate- could pot increase the effects of resistance training to prevent or manage sarcopenia

Creatine

Question 14

physical activity guideline for the older pt

Answer 14

150-300mins a week of mod intensity PA

75-150mins a week of big intensity activity

Question 15

2 mins of mod intensity activity counts the same as how much vig

Answer 15

counts the same as 1 min of vig activity

Question 16

strengthening exercise guidlines

Answer 16

at least 2 days/week
engage large mm groups
-mm should do more work then they are accustomed to during adls

Question 16

strengthening exercise guidlines

Answer 16

at least 2 days/week
engage large mm groups
-mm should do more work then they are accustomed to during adls

Question 17

Multi component exercises and benefits

Answer 17

more than one component combining aerobic, strengthening and/or balance exercises into one mvmt
(can include elements of gait, coordination and functional mvmts)

Question 18

What is the biggest gain seen when implementing PA

Answer 18

When going from no PA to being activator 60mins a week

Question 19

mod physical activity for a weekly total of 150-180 min/week translates into what for relative risk decrease

Answer 19

30% decrease in relative risk of morbidity and mortality and will impact their loss of independence

Question 20

risks reported with exercise in older inv

Answer 20

most reported adverse events were ask and non serious

-adverse events were reported more often in trials that recruited participants w certain health conditions, functional limitation or sedentary lifestyle

Question 21

adverse events with chiro and older pts

Answer 21

adverse event of 35% with no reported serious adverse events associated with SMT

Question 22

Absolute contraindications to SMT/mobs

Answer 22

• inflammatory conditions
• fractures/dislocaions
• bones weakened by metabolic disorders
• Inf of the bone and jt
• signs of acute myelopathy

Question 23

What is the most cost effective/non invasive way for health promotion

Answer 23

physical activity :)