Middle East Flashcards
What was the Balfour Declaration?
The British promise to give the Zionists Palestine
What was the Sykes-Picot agreement?
Secret agreement between the British and the French to partition the Ottoman Empire after its collapse
What was the Zionist movement?
Movement for a homeland for the Jewish population in Palestine
What is the PLO?
Palestinian Liberation organization
Goal-initially to destroy Israel, later recognized Israel in the Oslo Accords
The conflict over Israel is between…
Palestinian Arabs (Muslims) and Israelis (Jews)
What were the Camp David Accords?
An official peace agreement between Egypt and Israel, mediated by the US
What were the Oslo Accords?
A peace agreement between the PLO and Israel, gave Palestinians self-rule in the West Bank and Gaza strip
What was the intifada?
Uprising/protests of Palestinians under Israeli rule
What did Shah Reza Pahlavi do?
westernized and modernized Iran
Why did Ayatollah Khomeini do in Iran
revolution, overthrew the Shah in 1979, instituted an Islamic fundamentalist government
Which Egyptian leader nationalized the Suez Canal?
Gamal Abdel Nasser
Who was the leader of Iraq who invaded Kuwait?
Saddam Hussein
What is OPEC? What do they do?
Organization of Petroleum Exporting countries
Control world’s oil supply, regulate prices
What was Arab Spring?
began in 2010 in Tunisia, revolutions in Middle East and northern Africa (Egypt, Libya, Yemen, Syria)
What are some modern-day problems in the Middle East?
lack of water, political instability, ciivl wars, terrorist organizations
