6.3.1 Changes of state and the particle model (Green Topic) Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the current from a cell?

A

Direct current (DC)

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2
Q

What happens in a direct current?

A

The electrons only ever travel in one direction.

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3
Q

What is the current from mains electricity in the Uk?

A

Alternating current (AC)

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4
Q

Key feature or alternating current?

A

The current is constantly changing direction

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5
Q

What is the benefit of using alternating current?

A

That it is very easy to use a transformer to increase or decrease the potential difference.

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6
Q

What is the frequency of alternating current in the Uk?

A

50 hertz (Hz)

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7
Q

What is the potential difference or alternating current in the Uk?

A

Around 230 volts

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8
Q

Properties of solids?

A
  • Particles are very close together
  • Particles arranged in regular pattern
  • Particles vibrate but do not move from place to place
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9
Q

Properties of liquids?

A
  • Particles close together
  • Particles not arranged in regular pattern
  • Particles can move around each other
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10
Q

Properties of gases?

A
  • Particles are very far apart
  • Particles not arranged in any pattern
  • Particles are moving very rapidly
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11
Q

Define density?

A

The density of a material tells us the mass for a given volume.

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12
Q

Why does a brick have a high density?

A

Because it has lots of mass packed into it’s volume

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13
Q

Why does a polysyrene block have a low density?

A

Because it has a lower mass packed into it’s volume

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14
Q

Why do solids usually have a high density?

A

Because the particles are packed closely together, solids have a lot of mass for their volume.

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15
Q

Why do liquids usually have a high density?

A

Because the particles are close together liquids have a lot of mass for their volume.

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16
Q

Why do gases have a low density?

A

Because the particles are very far apart so gases only have a small mass for their volume.

17
Q

Why is polystyrene a solid with a low density?

A

Because it has a very open structure and is full of air spaces. It has a small mass for it’s volume.