Fruit Morphology

Question 1

Fruit

Answer 1

a mature ovary, All fertilized ________ contains seed(s)​.

Question 2

Seed

Answer 2

mature ovule with embryo that will give way to offspring in suitable conditions.

Question 3

Pericarp

Answer 3

fruit wall surrounding the mature ovule.

Question 4

Endocarp

Answer 4

most interior portion of pericarp enclosing seed(s)​.

Question 5

Mesocarp

Answer 5

middle portion of pericarp; often fleshy.

Question 6

Exocarp

Answer 6

most exterior portion of pericarp; skin of fruit.

Question 7

Pome

Answer 7

pericarp with enlarged fleshy receptacle and tough central core. Fleshy and tasty​, Ex: Malus (Apple); Pyrus (Pear)​.

Question 8

Drupe

Answer 8

pericarp in 3 layers​, Exocarp = epidermis​, Mesocarp = fleshy middle layer​, Endocarp = stony portion (surrounds seeds)​, Ex: Ilex; Prunus (Cherry, Peach, Plum)​.

Question 9

Berry

Answer 9

entire pericarp (all 3 parts) are fleshy, Tomato; Banana; Blueberry​.

Question 10

2 types of berry

Answer 10

Hesperidium and Pepo

Question 11

Hesperidium

Answer 11

berry with leathery rind​, Ex: Orange; Lemon; Grapefruit​.

Question 12

Pepo

Answer 12

berry with hard rind​, Ex: Watermelon; Squash; Pumpkin​.

Question 13

Indehiscent

Answer 13

do not split open at maturity​.

Question 14

Samara

Answer 14

one seed w/ membraneous wing​, Ex: Acer (Maple); Ulmus (Elm); Fraxinus (Ash)​.

Question 15

Nut

Answer 15

tough, hard exterior, one-seeded fruit​, Ex: Quercus (Oak)​.

Question 16

Carpel

Answer 16

basically the pistil: ovary, stigma, & style​, Can be a single structure, Can be two or more fused together​.

Question 17

Dehiscent

Answer 17

split open at maturity​.

Question 18

Legume (pod)

Answer 18

opens along two sutures; contains many seeds and one carpel​, Ex: Cercis (Redbud); Albizia (Mimosa); Gleditsia (Honey Locust)​.

Question 19

Capsule

Answer 19

Many seeds from more than one carpel that are united​, Ex: Forsythia; Rhododendron; Deutzia​.