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TERM 3 STUDY > Complex CVS and Resp > Flashcards

Complex CVS and Resp Flashcards

1
Q

In most patients how is the RV perfused?

A

The RCA

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2
Q

In 15% of the population how is the RV perfused?

A

The LCX

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3
Q

Name the key Components of the RV

A
  • Tricuspid valve
  • Chordae tendinae
  • atleast three papillary muscles
  • trabeculated apex
  • Infundibulum
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4
Q

What is the infundibulum?

A

A muscular structure supporting the pulmonary valve?

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5
Q

Is the RV pre or after load dependent?

A

Pre-load dependant

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6
Q

How does the RV compare to the LV?

A

The RV is thinner walled when compared to the LV

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7
Q

What role does the septum play between the R and L ventricle?

A

The septum assists in contractility

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8
Q

How is a RV STEMI identified on ECG?

A
  • ST elevation in V1
  • ST elevation in V1 and depression in V2
  • Isoelectric ST segment in V1 with marked depression in V2
  • ST elevation in 3 and 2 (>3)
  • V4R
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9
Q

What is RV failure often accompanied with (arrhythmias)

A

Atrial flutter or AF

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10
Q

How sensitive and sepcific is the V4R lead?

A

88% Sensitive, 78% specific

83% accurate in diagnosing RV MI

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11
Q

Key concept of ARDS Managment

A
  • Limit Vt (8ml/kg)
  • Decrease MVO2
  • Optimize DO2 (positioning, PEEP, FIO2)
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12
Q

What are the three categories of myocardial complications following an acute MI?

A
  • Mechanical
  • Pericardial
  • Conduction
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13
Q

Name three mechanical complications of OMI

A
  • Rupture of the left ventricular free wall
  • Rupture of the intraventricular septum
  • Acute Mitral regurgitation
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14
Q

Name three pericardial complications following OMI

A
  • Early infarct associate pericarditis
  • Pericardial effusion
  • Post cardiac Injury
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15
Q

Name some common Arrhythmias associated with OMI

A
  • Bradyarrhtymias (AV blocks, sinus/Junctional, IVR).

- Ventricular tachyarrhythmias

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16
Q

Recall the ranges of incidence for ventricular arrhythmias

A

PVC-10 to 93%

VT-3 to 39%

VF- 4 to 20%

17
Q

Define Cardiogenic Shock

A

Cardiogenic shock is a result of inadequate tissue perfusion due to cardiac dysfunction

18
Q

What is the most common cause of cariogenic shock?

A

Acute MI (Mechanical, pericardial, conduction secondary to MI)

19
Q

What are the 6 components to treating cariogenic shock?

A
  1. Assessment and Evaluation
  2. Treat the Lungs
  3. Optimize Volume
  4. Optimize MAP
  5. Consider inotropes/vasoactives
  6. Attack dysrhythmias
20
Q

Other than Asthma, what are six other conditions that could cause wheezing?

A
  • CHF
  • Emphysema
  • Pneumonia
  • Upper airway obstruction
  • Anaphylaxis
  • Pulmonary Embolism
21
Q

What are the three pathophysiologic abnormalities in asthma?

A
  1. Bronchoconstriction
  2. Airway inflammation
  3. Mucous production
22
Q

Effects of hypercapnia

A
  • DLOC
  • Increased ICP, Cerebral blood flow
  • Respiratory acidosis
  • Reduced cardiac output
  • Vasodilation
23
Q

What are some secondary consequences to dynamic hyperinflation?

A
  • compliance decreases
  • Shunting
  • Obstructive shock
  • Right heart failure
24
Q

What is Auto-PEEP?

A

resistance to exhalation increases, invetiably causing air-trapping(breathe stacking).

25
Q

Describe two respiratory changes that occur with PE?

A
  • V/Q mismatch

- Increased RV after load

TERM 3 STUDY (11 decks)

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